science

heat

being hot; high temp

temperature

Measure of how hot or cold something is specifically a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object 

thermal energy

Energy from atoms and molecules moving and vibrating inside a substance 

conduction

Transfer of energy between substances or particles in a direct physical contact without material moving 

convection

Heat transferred by movement of a heated fluid such as air or water 

radiation

Energy released in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves 

conductor

Material through which energy can be easily transferred as heat 

insulator

Material that transfers energy poorly

phase change

Transformations between solid liquid and gas 

latent heat

Energy required or released when a substance changes its state without changing its temperature 

specific heat capacity

Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a substance by a certain amount

joule

Used to measure energy

celsius freezing

0

celsius boiling

100

fahrenheit freezing

32

fahrenheit boiling

212

kelvin freezing

-273.16

kelvin boiling

373.15

what happens to temp during a phase change

stays the same

melting

energy absorbed

freezing

energy released

evaporation

energy absorbed

condensation

energy released

why does metal feel colder than wood at the same room temperature

metal is a thermal conductor, wood is an insulator- slowing heat transfer

give example of how conduction transfers heat

metal spoon getting hot in soup

why does density matter

dictates whether things float or sink helps identify substances

why does radiation not require matter

because its energy traveling as self- propagating electromagnetic waves