Final Exam Psycology (📘 Chapter 2 & 3: Research and Brain Science)

EXTRA LOCK IN

Experiment

Research with controlled variables that shows cause-effect relationships.

Descriptive Research

Research that observes and records behavior (includes case studies, surveys, and observations).

Independent Variable

The variable that is manipulated in an experiment.

Dependent Variable

The variable that is measured in an experiment.

Neurotransmitter

Chemical messengers that carry signals between neurons.

Dopamine

Neurotransmitter linked to pleasure and movement.

Serotonin

Neurotransmitter involved in mood and sleep.

Norepinephrine

Arousal and alertness neurotransmitter.

Acetylcholine

Involved in learning and memory.

GABA

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter that calms the brain.

Endorphins

Natural painkillers that promote a sense of well-being.

Amygdala

Brain structure involved in fear and emotion.

Hippocampus

Brain structure essential for memory formation.

Frontal Lobe

Responsible for decision-making, planning, and impulse control.

Cerebellum

Coordinates voluntary movement and balance.

Sympathetic Nervous System

Activates body’s stress response (“fight or flight”).

Adrenal Glands

Release stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol.

Cortisol

Hormone that helps regulate metabolism and stress.