PE3 MIDTERM REVIEWER

Module 6-10

Dance

an art of body movement used for recreation, entertainment, therapy, and worship.

DJ Kool Herc, Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmaster Flash, James Brown

Pioneers of Hip-Hop Dance

damson

Comes from the German word _ , meaning to stretch or to drag.

Martha Graham, Lester Horton, José Limón, Alice Reyes

Pioneers of Contemporary Dance

Dance

Helps improve physical, mental, social, and emotional health.

Isadora Duncan, Loie Fuller, Ruth St. Denis, Ted Shawn

Pioneers of Modern Dance

To please gods

used in rituals and ceremonies

Movement, Time, Space, Energy

Elements of Dance

To please others

performed for entertainment or audience

Please gods, please others, please themselves, build community

Reason People Dance

To please themselves

for self-expression or relaxation.

James Brown

Influenced street dance styles with funk moves.

To build community

for social interaction or group celebration.

Grandmaster Flash

Innovator in DJing, mixing, and scratching.

Prehistoric Period

Dances used in rituals; led by shamans.

Afrika Bambaataa

Godfather of Hip-Hop; founded the Zulu Nation.

Ancient Crete (3000–1400 BC)

Dances developed for military training

DJ Kool Herc

Father of Hip-Hop; created the break beat.

Ancient Greece

Used for religious, military, and entertainment purposes; Plato classified dances as noble or ignoble.

Locking

rhythmic freezing and playful gestures.

Ancient Rome

Dance lost respect and became linked to corruption.

Popping

sudden tensing and releasing of muscles

Renaissance Period (1400s)

Ballet was born in Italy and spread to France

Breaking (B-boying/B-girling)

athletic floor moves and freezes.

20th Century (1970s)

Hip-hop dance emerged.

Hip-Hop

Promotes freedom, creativity, and self-expression.

F – Frequency

3–4 times per week

Hip-Hop

Originated from African dance and street styles

I – Intensity

moderate to vigorous

Hip-Hop

Started in the Bronx, New York in the 1970s.

T – Time

duration per session

Post-Modern

Experimental, simple, or abstract movements

T - Type

kind of physical activity or dance form

Contact Improvisation

Movements made by reacting to a partner’s touch

Modern Dance

Developed in the 20th century in the United States and Germany.

Lyrical

Focuses on emotion and flow.

Modern Dance

Created as a rebellion against the rigid formality of ballet.

Alice Reyes

Mother of Philippine Contemporary Dance; founded Ballet Philippines.

Modern Dance

Focuses on freedom, natural movement, and emotion

José Limón

Developed fall and recovery technique.

Isadora Duncan

Mother of Modern Dance; danced barefoot using natural movement inspired by Greek art.

– natural Greek-inspired movements.

Lester Horton

Created first racially integrated dance company.

Lole Fuller

Known for using light, color, and fabric in her dances.

Martha Graham

Mother of Contemporary Dance; contraction and release.

– technique of contraction and release

Ruth St. Denis

Inspired by Eastern cultures; combined spirituality and art

– used Indian and Egyptian themes.

Energy

quality of movement (strong/light, sharp/smooth)

Ted Shawn

Co-founded Denishawn with Ruth St. Denis; promoted male dancers.

Space

use of levels (low, middle, high), direction, and focus.

Early Period (1900)

Dancers reacted against ballet traditions

Time

speed or rhythm of motion (fast, medium, slow).

Mary Wigman

– expressive movements using masks.

Movement

body actions (walk, run, leap, bend, twist).

1930s (Second Wave)

Focus on internal sources of movement.

Doris Humphrey

– technique of fall and recovery.

Contemporary Dance

Became popular around the 1980s.

Charles Weidman

– explored human motion and balance.

Contemporary Dance

Emphasizes fluid, grounded, expressive motion rather than strict posture.

Postwar (After 1945)

Fusion of techniques and chance choreography

Contemporary Dance

Combines modern, jazz, lyrical, and ballet movements.

Merce Cunningham

– used chance methods in choreography.

Twyla Tharp

– combined ballet, modern, and jazz.