Classification of Matter

physical property

characteristic that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance

chemical property

A property that is observed when there is a change in the composition or identity of a substance

physical change

process that does not alter the composition or identity of a substance

chemical change/chemical reaction

process involving a new substance being formed

melting

The change of state from a solid to a liquid

freezing

The change of state from a liquid to a solid

evaporation

change from a liquid to a gas

condensation

process of a gas to a liquid

sublimation

process from a solid to a gas without going through the liquid state

melting point

temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid

boiling point

the temperature at which substance changes from a liquid to a gas

element

Contains one kind of atom. Simplest form of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

compound

Chemical combination of two or more different elements joined together in a fixed proportion.

mixture

A physical combination of two or more substances in which the basic identity of each substance is not changed

homogeneous mixture

Mixtures with a uniform composition. Also known as a solution.

heterogeneous mixture

a mixture that does not have a uniform composition.

solution

Another word for homogeneous mixture. Alloys are a solid example of this.

solid

definite shape and volume; close together and little movement

liquid

definite volume but no definite shape; some movement

gas

no definite volume or shape; particles move fast and are far apart

deposition

process from a gas to a solid without going through the liquid state

matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

atom

Smallest particle of matter that retain their own unique properties. Smallest particle of an element

molecule

A chemical combination of two or more atoms to create the smallest particle of a given compound

Chemistry

The science that investigates and explains the structure and properties of matter

Mass

The amount of matter that an object contains

Properties

characteristics that describe matter

Pure Substance

matter with the same fixed composition and properties. Could be an element or a compound.

Chemical formula

Combination of chemical symbols that show what elements make up a compound and how many of each type of atom are present

solvent

substance that dissolves the solute

solute

substance that is dissolved in a solution

Alloys

a solid solution that contains metallic elements

Chemical symbol

one, two, or three letter abbreviation for an element

Bond

a chemical connection between two or more atoms

Fermenting, rusting, oxidation, and burning are examples of this

Chemical change

Oxidation state, flammability, and toxicity are examples of this

Chemical property

Phase changes, changes in size, and changes in shape are examples of this

Physical change

Color, malleability, ductility, and density are examples of this

Physical properties