Caesar, Gallic War, Book 5, Part I (AP)

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30 Terms

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Julius Caesar

Roman general, statesman, and author of The Gallic War, known for his military strategy, political ambition, and concise literary style.

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Gallic Wars

A series of military campaigns (58–50 BC) in which Caesar led Roman forces to conquer Gaul, modern-day France, Belgium, and parts of Germany and Italy.

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Ambiorix

King of the Eburones who led a rebellion against the Romans, using deception and guerrilla tactics to ambush Caesar's forces.

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Vercingetorix

Leader of the Gallic coalition who united tribes such as the Arverni and Aedui to resist Caesar's invasion.

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Portus Itius

The port (modern Boulogne-sur-Mer) from which Caesar launched his second expedition to Britain in 54 BC.

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Britannia (Britain)

Island Caesar sought to explore and subdue during his expeditions, encountering resistance from native tribes using chariots and guerrilla tactics.

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Quintus Cicero

Brother of the orator Cicero and one of Caesar's legates, involved in managing Roman military operations in Gaul.

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Aduatuci

A Belgic tribe that resisted Roman conquest during the Gallic Wars.

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Nervii

A fierce Belgic tribe known for their strong resistance to Roman rule.

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Historical Present Tense

Literary technique where past events are narrated in the present tense to create immediacy and engagement.

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Tricolon

A rhetorical device that uses three parallel elements for emphasis, frequently employed by Caesar.

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Anaphora

The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses, used by Caesar to emphasize key points.

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Druids

Religious leaders in Gallic society who played a significant role in culture, warfare, and superstition.

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Ethnographic Digressions

Caesar’s descriptions of Gallic tribes' customs, providing background on their culture and society.

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Roman Imperialism

The expansion of Roman power and influence, which Caesar justifies as a defensive and civilizing mission.

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Ablative Absolute

A Latin grammatical construction expressing conditions or circumstances surrounding an action, often used in Caesar's prose.

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Siege Engines

Engineering tools, such as catapults and battering rams, used by Romans to capture enemy fortifications.

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Eburones

A Gallic tribe led by Ambiorix, who ambushed and massacred a Roman garrison in 54 BC.

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Roman Legions

Highly trained and disciplined units forming the backbone of Roman military power.

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Guerilla Tactics

Hit-and-run warfare methods employed by Britons and Gauls to challenge the more organized Roman forces.

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Genus Humile

The "plain style" of writing employed by Caesar, characterized by clarity and simplicity.

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Romanization of Gaul

The spread of Roman culture, language, and governance in Gaul following its conquest by Caesar.

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Boulogne-sur-Mer

Modern name for Portus Itius, Caesar's departure point for his expeditions to Britain.

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Loyalty and Betrayal

A recurring theme in The Gallic War, exemplified by tribal rebellions and Roman efforts to maintain control.

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Crossing the English Channel

A challenging feat for Caesar's forces during his second expedition to Britain.

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Roman Engineering

Essential for military success, including the construction of fortifications, bridges, and siege works.

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Gallic Coalition

Alliance of Gallic tribes, led by Vercingetorix, formed to resist Roman invasion.

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Caesar’s Leadership

Highlighted in his adaptability, strategic thinking, and ability to inspire loyalty among his troops.

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Military Glory

A theme in Caesar's narrative, showcasing his personal valor and strategic successes as a Roman general.

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Political Ambition

A driving force behind Caesar's campaigns, as victories in Gaul bolstered his power and reputation in Rome.