genetics chapter 21

population and evolutionary genetics

species

group of individuals able to reproduce

population

a group of individuals belonging to the same species that live in a defined geographic location and actually or potentially interbreed

gene pool

the genetic info carried by members of a population

heterozygosity

most populations have a high degree of ______ and it is healthy (low means maybe go extinct)

1

p+q =

1

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 =

heterozygosity

2pq is the frequency of _______

homozygosity

p^2 or q^2 is the frequency of either dominant or recessive _________

allelic

Next generation genotypic frequency is determined by ____ frequency

aa

When you do not know if HWE or not, to find q take (2x number of __ + 1x number of heterozygotes) divided by (2 times total number)

alleles

p and q are the frequency of the ____

mutation

One cause of a change in allelic frequency is from ______. Can mutate in forward or backward direction, takes a long time to actually change the frequency though.