Microbiology Lecture 4.25: Clostridium botulinum

Where are C. botulinum usually found?

Soil and water worldwide

What are the infection types of C. botulinum?

1. Foodborne botulism

2. Infant botulism

What is the virulence factor of C. botulinum?

Botulinum toxin

What does Botulinum toxin bind to?

Neurons

What does the A subunit of Botulinum toxin block?

Release of stimulatory neurotransmitters

What is caused when Botulinum toxin blocks the release of stimulatory neurotransmitters?

Flaccid paralysis

Is C. botulinum extremely potent?

Yes

How are C. botulinum transmitted through foodborne botulism?

Ingesting improperly canned/processed food

Is foodborne C. botulinum infectious?

No

Can C. botulinum endospores be ingested safely in adults?

Yes

What in adults prevents germination and toxin production of C. botulinum spores?

Gut microbiota

What is the initial symptom caused by C. botulinum?

Blurred Vision

What are the symptoms caused by C. botulinum as it progresses?

1. Flaccid Paralysis

2. Respiratory Arrest

Where do endospores germinate in infants to produce toxins?

Immature gut

Are infants truly infected by C. botulinum?

Yes

What is the symptom of infant botulism?

Flaccid paralysis

What is the prevention method of C. botulinum?

Proper food handling

What is the prevention method of infant botulinum?

Children <1 year should not consume honey