KLÍ - 7. kafli: Behavioral Theory and Therapy

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Last updated 10:44 AM on 2/4/26
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15 Terms

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scientific behaviourism

psychology is an objective, natural science

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behavior therapy

theraputic application of scientific behaviorism

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Mary Cover Jones

nemandi Watson, counterconditioning til að eyða kvíða hjá Little Peter. Sýndi fram á að klassísk skilyrðing getur gagnast við fóbíum og ótta

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counterconditioning

pairing of a positive (and often incompatible) stimulus with a stimulus that elicits a negative or undesirable response (e.g., fear

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B.F Skinner

operant conditioning - virk skylirðing

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Joseph Wolpe, Arnold Lazarus, Stnley Rachman

systematic desensitization

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Hans Eysenck og Maudsley Group

modern learning theory fyrir skilning og meðferð á hegðunar- og geðrænum vanda

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functional behavior analysis

AHA/ABC: aðdragandi (antecedents), hegðun (behaviour), afleiðing (consequences)

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functional behavior assessment (FBA) vs. Functional analysis (FA)

FBA: mat á hegðun (viðtöl. áhorf, spurningalistar) - leiðir að tillögu

FA: tilrauna mat til þess að skoða virkni hegðunar - hvað veldur þessari hegðun

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Edmun Jacobson

fyrstur til að skrifa um relaxation training sem meðferð

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progressive muscle relaxation

var í upphafi byggð á því að gert var ráð fyrir því að vöðvaspenna sé ástæða sálrænna vanda

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systematic desentitization

byggð á Mary Cover Jones og PMR (vöðvaslökun), exposure treatment in which avoidance

behavior can be negatively reinforced through operant conditioning. → nýlega kom í ljós að PMR skrefið er ekki nauðsynlegt

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systematic desensitization - 3 leiðir

  • imaginal exposure: ímynda sér, gert inn á stofu sálfræðingsins

  • in vivo exposure: bein exposure að vandanum - getur virkað betur en imaginal

  • virtual reality exposure: tölva notuð, empirically validated

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interoceptive exposure

eins og aðrar exposure leiðir en targetið er internal physical cues eins og að ofanda, halda niðri í sér andanum, hrista hausinn ofl.

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problem-solving therapy (PST)

behavioral treatment that focuses on how to approach and solve personal

problems. PST acts as a buffer that helps clients manage stressful life events and achieve improved personal well-being

undirstöður:

  • problem orientation: kenna skjólst´ðingum að hugsa jákvætt um problem solving

  • problem-solving style: kenna rational problem-solving