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Home
Science
Chemistry
Molecular & Ionic Compounds
2.4: ions and ionic compounds
ions
ion
: an atom or group of atoms with a charge
charged atoms are monatomic ions whereas charged groups of atoms are polyatomic ions
cation
: a positively charged ion
formed when an atom loses an electron or electrons
anion
: negatively charged ion
formed when an atom gains an electron or electrons
ionic compounds are held together by the attraction between the oppositely-charged ions
ionic solids are often called salts
atoms gain or lose electrons to become more stable
elements seek to achieve the electron configuration of the closest noble gas to them on the periodic table
when they gain or lose electrons, atoms become charged (ions)
compounds and bonding
compound
: a pure substance that contains two or more elements
the type of elements present dictate the type of compound and bonding of the substance
types of compounds
ionic compounds
formed between a metal and a nonmetal
have ionic bonds (electrons are transferred from the metal atom to the nonmetal atom)
electrostatic attraction holds ions together
form formula units
molecular compounds
formed between two nonmetals
have covalent bonds (electrons are shared by the nonmetal atoms)
form molecules
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