ELA Shakespeare language

thou

you(subject, singular, informal)

ye

You(subject, plural)

thee

you(object…”to you”)

thine or thy 

your(possessive, singular)

art

are

dost

do

doth

does

‘ere

before

hast

have

‘tis

it is

‘twas

it was

wast

were

whence

from where

wherefore

why

hence

from here

oft

often 

yea

even 

ay

yes

aught

anything 

yon, yonder

that one there

would(he were)

I wish(he were)

marry

(a mild swear word)

nay

no

hie

hurry

simile

Comparing two unlike things using like or as

Metaphor

Comparing two unlike things by stating/implying that one is the other

Personification

Giving human characteristics to something non-human

Person vs person

This occurs when character struggles against another character. It could be physical, emotional, or interellctual

Person vs self

This happened when a character battles, their own thoughts, feelings, or decisions. It often involves moral dilemmas or personal growth.

Person vs nature

This involves a character struggling against natural forces or environment.

Person vs society

These are stories were individuals or group is fighting against injustices within their society.

Person vs the unknown

These stories involve a character struggling against an identity that isn’t entirely known or comprehendible.

Person vs technology

These stories involve characters from against emotionless AI, machines, or other scientific creations.

Person vs fate/god(s)

These stories involve a character, feeling trapped by invecitable destiny, freedom, and will often seem impossible in these stories.

Protagonist

The main character in the story. They should be carefully crafted with logical backstory, personal motivation, in a character arc over the course of the story. Often the story will be told from their point of view.

Antagonist

The villain of the story. Note that an antagonist is not the same as an anti-hero like the Joker or Walter White. Antiheroes are villainous people who function in a protagonist role.

Love interest

Love interest is the protagonist object of desire. A good love interest will be compelling in a three-dimensional, like Daisy Buckman in the great Gatsby.

Confident

A characters whose main purpose is to give the protagonist someone to open up to – to share inner thoughts, fears, doubts, or hopes that otherwise would stay hidden from the audience. This type of character is usually best friend or sad kick of the protagonist. A confident might also serve the role of a deuteragonist.

Tertiary

Tertiary characters populate the world of the stories, but do not necessary link the main storyline. These minor characters serve any number of functions and may have varying degrees a personal dynamism.

Foil

A foil character primarily exist to bring the protagonist qualities into sharper relief. This is because of oil is effectively the opposite of the protagonist..

Dynamic

The character who changes over the course of the story.

Round character

Closely related to dynamic character this character is a major character who shows fluency in the capacity for change from movement meet them. Eye contrast, some dynamic protagonist do not change into action in the story force that change.

Static character

Does not noticeably change over the course of the story. Sometimes known as a flat character, these characters often play tertiary roles in a narrative. Many villains are also..

Stock character

A character is an archetypal character with a fixed set of personality traits. They fill particular rules within a story intend to be flat, simple, and even cliche

Symbiotic character

A character that represents a concept or theme larger than themselves. They may have dynamic qualities, but they also exist, subtly steer of an audiences mind towards broader concepts.

First person

I am telling the story

Second person

The story is told to you

Third person- Limited

The narrator has only some if any access to thoughts and experiences of the characters in the story, often just to one character.

Third person omniscient

The all-knowing narrator has full access to all the thoughts and experiences all of the characters in the story

Aside

This is when a character makes a comment that is intended to be heard by the audience, but not the other characters on the stage.

Soliloquy

This is a speech that a character makes when alone to allow the audience to know the character’s thoughts.

Foil

A character who qualities is sharply contrast with those of another characters. A writer might use this to emphasize or deemphasize another characters traits.

Dramatic irony

A technique used to create suspense, where the audience knows something that the character doesn’t.

Foreshadowing

Language that suddenly hints at what will happen in the future.

Oxymoron

A phrase consisting of words that seem opposing in meaning.

Pun

A form of word play that exploits multiple meanings of a term, or of similar surrounding words, for intended, humorous, or rhetorical effect.