HS 200 Final Bryce Lane NCSU

What type of crop is the tomato?

It depends on how many acres of tomatoes you are growing

The study of extending the keeping quality of horticultural crops is called

Postharvest Physiology

The study of the cultivation of flowers and potted plants is termed

Floriculture

Gymnospermae is a class of plants that are characterized by having

Naked seeds contained in strobili or cones

Tracheophyta is a

division of plants that have tubes (a vascular system)

It is important to know the difference between Monocots and Dicots because:

There are selective herbicides that kill only dicots but are harmless to monocots, and therefore allow us to control broadleaf weeds in our turf grass

Horticulture is derived from two Latin words, hortus and culturae, Hortus means:

Plants

How is Horticulture different from botany

Horticulture is an applied science, botany is more of a basic science

The study of the cultivation of fruits is called

pomology

Plant taxonomy and nomenclature refer to what respectively?

Plant categories and names

Plants in the same genus

Have similar flowers and fruits (characteristics)

What is unique about ferns plant class Filicinae?

they don't reproduce by seeds but by spore's instead

How are plants in dicotyledonae different from plants in monocotyledonae?

Dicots have broad leaves with reticulate venation, where monocots have linear leaves with parallel venation

Most plants die in people's gardens because

People do not understand how light and soil influence plant growth

What is the species name for the group of redbuds that all come from china?

Cercis chinensis (underlined)

A "selective herbicide" kills

only certain plants, such as dicots

What do conifers do?

produce cones

The study of the cultivation of plants to enhance the outdoor living space?

Landscape Horticulture

Poison ivy is in the family //Anacardeacae//. What other plant is in the same Family, and therefore could pose a possible health risk to some people?

Cashews

What does "reticulate" venation mean (when talking about leaves)?

Veins are branched

Why are cotyledons so important to plants?

They store food for the seed to use during germination

Which class of plants is geologically older?

Gymnospermae

Plants in the same family

have similar susceptibilities to insects and diseases

A bean is a

dicot

Most if the fruit and vegetable plants we Americans grow in our home gardens are

exotic plants that come from all over the world

What word/phrase is used to characterize both species and botanical varieties?

"Come True From Seed"

To be in the Genus Acer (Acer underlined), plants must have the ability to produce

double winged samaras

The genus name for oak is

Quercus (underlined)

In the sneaker illustration we had in class, New Balance 574 represented what plant classification?

Species

In the sneaker illustration we had in class, Nike represented what plant classification?

Genus

An important concept learned from the sneaker illustration was that:

There can be variation within a species

Why is it better to use the binomial system?

The binomial system is descriptive and shows when plants are related to each other

What can you tell me about the fllowing binomial term: crenata (underlined)

It is a latin word, but not enough info to determine what binomial term it is

Who gives plants their common names?

you and me and any other people who want to

Why does the binomial system use Latin as the language?

New Latin words can be created easily

Genus: "A group of plants that are similar"... What is wrong with this definition?

Plants in the same genus may have differing vegetative characteristics but the reproductive similarities are reliable. It should say "...have similar reproductive characteristics"

Plants in the same species

hang out together, mate with each other, and have kids that look like them

Why is leaf size not a reliable characteristic to use for identifying a species?

leaf size is a phenotype and can vary significantly due to the environment

We already know that plants have common names and scientific names (binomial names). What is the third kind of name that plants are being given now?

trademark/copyrigh name

When is it time to plant peppers and other warm season vegetables in Raleigh NC?

2-4 weeks after April 15

What do you call the date beyond which the chance of frost greatly increase?

Last frost free date

Cercis canadensis 'Ruby Falls' is a new cultivar of redbud that was developed from

plant breeding

Woody plants are primarily made up of

Hard permanent tissue

A perennial

lives for 3 or more years

Term to describe plants that appear to behave like perennials, however they came from seed of annuals that were growing the year before

volunteers

Technical term that describes a plant's ability to withstand a severe low temperature on any given winter day

Temperate Plant Hardiness

Are all tap roots primary roots?

yes

Cercis canadensis 'Ruby Falls' is desirable because, unlike the straight species it

is a burgundy leaf weeper

What do you call a geographical region in the world that has similar soil type, climate and vegetation?

biome

What is the Variety name (correctly written using the Binomial System) for the group of redbuds that all produce white flowers?

Cercis canadensis alba (underlined)

Are all variant plants within a species, botanical varieties

no

Deciduous trees

Lose all their leaves every fall

The number one absorbing organ in the plant is the

root

What does the story of "Bill Lane and the Hemlocks" teach us?

Th importance of researching how a plant actually grows in nature rather than how it is presented in the nursery

People create cultivars in 3 ways. Some cultivars come from plant breeding (hybridization), and some come from discovered chance seedlings with unique characteristics. What is the third way we create cultivars?

Propagation of mutated branches possessing unique, desirable characteristics

'Blueblood' is what part of the binomial?

cultivar epithet

Cercis canadensis pendula is the

variety

Other than storage, transportation, and support, a fourth function of stems is

food production

What is the largest Family of plants? About two thirds of the plants in this group now grow above ground on other trees

Orchids

Most cultivars of Cercis canadensis are propagated by humans using a vegetative propagation technique called

Grafting

Mature evergreens retain each year's set of leaves for how long?

3-5 years

What types of plants will tolerate long periods of freezing and below during the winter?

Temperate

What do you call plants that have 100% aerial roots that live on other plants?

epiphytes

What is the current USDA Hardiness Zone rating for Raleigh NC

7

The plant growth that is soft, tender and succulent is referred to as what kind of growth?

Herbaceous

What is the first root to emerge from a stem cutting?

adventitious

If you met a plant anatomist at a party, what would be the first thing they would ask you?

"where are you from"

How are cultivars different from botanical varieties?

To make more, cultivars must be cultivated by humans, they are not self perpetuating

What kinds of plants die completely by the winter in Raleigh NC

Tropical annuals

What is the "FFFD" in Raleigh NC

April 15

Which cultivars are discovered, and then developed?

Those from seedling selections and Those from genetic mutations

A classic example of a sub-tropical plant is

orange

Some of the leaves of my evergreen boxwood are turning brown and falling off. I am concerned that they might have a disease or insect problem. The leaves on the outside of the plant are the ones turning brown. What's up with that?

There is a serious problem, have it checked out.

Over 90% of all the plants people use in their home gardens are

cultivars

identify what is wrong with the following scientific name Metasequoia glyptostroboides (underlined) 'Janet'

the genus should be underlined

Identify the correct way to write the scientific name for the orange/yellow leaved Rising Sun Redbud

Cercis (underlined) canadensis (underlined) 'JN2'

In the story about Fred Cochran and the dwarf loblolly pines, where did the dwarf trees come from?

a diseased branch

Why are there so few of the Pinus (underlined) taeda (underlined) 'Nana' available for sale?

It's almost impossible for people to make more of the dwarf trees (vegetative propagation)

Term to describe an attractive landscape element created by planting the same kind of trees in a row on both sides of a path or road

allee

A large swollen secondary root is correctly called

a tuberous root

How long does it typically take plant breeders like our own Dr. Denny Werner to create a new cultivar of redbud like Cercis canadensis (both underlined)

10-12 years

The key to insuring both vegetative and reproductive growth in plants is

provide sufficient light intensity

The term used to describe when the plant moves material from one place to another through the xylem and phloem

translocation

The plant growth process called respiration produces

carbon dioxide, water, and chemical energy (atp)

Oldest living plants (grown from seed) on earth

Ancient Bristlecone Pines

How many stomata are usually found on the undersides of leaves?

Thousands per square centimeter

The function(s) of transpiration in plants is

transportation system for nutrients and to maintain turgidity in the plant (keeping the plant cells hydrated)

Which substance is/are absorbed by the root via osmosis

water

What is the most agreed upon theory for nutrient uptake by plant's roots called?

Carrier Molecule Theory

The primary factor in regulating the rate of respiration is

temperature

Stomata are responsible for

regulating gas exchange (transpiration and carbon dioxide absorption)

Why is photosynthesis considered the most important process on earth?

because of the food that only plants can produce sustains life as we know it

How is water absorption in plants different from nutrient absorption

nutrient absorption is an active process and water absorption is a passive process

what percent of water absorbed by the plant is used in the photosynthetic process?

1%

if you found that your friend had just over-fertilized their shrubs what would you tell them to do to avoid fertilizer burn?

water a lot around each shrub to dilute the high solute concentration and leach the salts

the substrate (cookie sheet) of the chemical reaction called photosynthesis is/are

chloroplasts

the "ingredients" of photosynthesis are

carbon dioxide and water

what percentage of the dry weight of a plant comes from photosynthesis and what percentage comes from the soil?

96% from photosynthesis, 4% from the soil

the products of photosynthesis are

sugar and oxygen

If a plant is able to produce only a limited amount of sugar, what type of growth will be prioritized?

vegetative growth