ECOLOGY

Biotic

living thing

Abiotic

non living things

ecosystems from largest to smallest

biosphere, biome, ecosystem, community, individual

energy in photosynthesis

sunlight

energy in cellular respiration

ATP

Limiting factors on population

biotic potential, limiting factors, carrying capacity, density (independent and dependent)

biotic potential definition

maximum number of offspring a species could produce if had unlimited resources

natality

birth rate

mortality

death rate

variety of food choices

biodiversity

percentage of solar radiation that reaches earths surface

70%

percentage of solar radiation reflected back into space

30%

levels of energy transfer

trophic levels

primary consumers

herbivore or omnivore

secondary consumer

omnivore or carnivore

tertiary consumer

omnivore or carnivore

herbivore

eat only plants

omnivore

eat plants and animals

carnivore

eat only animals

Percentage of atmosphere in the form of nitrogen gas

78%

Converts nitrogen gas to nitrates

Nitrogen fixation

Converts nitrogen gas and ammonium to nitrates

Nitrification

Concerts nitrates or solid waste into ammonium

Ammonification

Converts nitrates into nitrogen gas

Denitrification

Scientific term for producer

Autotrophs

Biosphere

Everywhere life on earth is found

Biome

A region defined by a specific climate

Ecosystem

Interactions between all living and non living things in a certain place

Community

All living things within an ecosystem

Population

A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same community

Individual

One specific living organism

Photosynthesis

CO2 + H2O + energy → C6H12O6 + O2

Cellular respiration

C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O + energy

Living things need nitrogen to make

DNA and proteins

Molecules of burning fossil fuels

Sulphur dioxide

Biomagnification

the concentration of a toxin increases going up the food chain

Bioaccumulation

a toxin accumulates in a species

Carrying capacity

the maximum number of individuals an ecosystem can support

Niche

the role of an individual in an ecosystem

Immigration

entering an ecosystem

Emigration

exiting an ecosystem

The largest carbon reservoir (sink) is:

Oceans

The two ways nitrogen is converted to usable form are…

Lightning and bacteria

Plants use nitrogen to form what?

Protein

Majority of nitrates are converted by…

Bacteria

Example of how excess nitrogen destroys aquatic systems:

Algae blooms

What do humans need from plants to survive?

Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbohydrates