wsc 2024 (topics 1-8)

Black letter

Black letter

a font used by gutenberg in the first printing press. Downside: limited number of words per page

UPC

Universal Product Code used in bar code

Amazon Go

Shop that you don't to check out at all. You just take staff from shelves, and AI understands how much you pay. Just walk out.

Just walk out

Technology of Amazon go for a shop with no check out

QR code

quick response code. invented in 1984 in Japan

QR codes in restaurants

began in the pandemic. there were QR codes on the tables that sent to digital menus instead of physical menus.

criticism of QR codes in restaurants

disturb communal aspect, make you check notifications, are less convenient, can track consumer behavior, exclude less tech savvy people, and more

L. Sasha Gora

cultural historian that studies culinary environmental humanities (cultural aspects to do with food). studied menus and the passenger pigeon pie.

Caroline S. Brooks

An American sculptor. Made butter sculptures to promote her farmer husband's butter.

Dreaming Iolanthe

butter sculpture of a blind princess from the verse drama, "King René's Daughter". made by Caroline S. Brooks.

Vladimer Lenin

said "there are decades where nothing happens; and there are weeks in which decades happen"

Gutenberg

Invented the printing press in the 15th century

Roman Typeface

2nd font invented in 1470 by Nicolas Jenson (more words per page)

italics

3rd font invented (1501) to save space (by Manutius & Griffo).

Digital typography

Fonts in computer. 1st font: Digi Grotesk (by Rudolf Hell). In 1974 fonts changed from pictures to vector, so they can look good in any scale

Truetype

font looks the same in PC and printer

opentype

font looks the same in PC and mac

Web Open Font Format (WOFF)

fonts looking the same in all browser in the internet

Aptos

Font that microsoft chose in 2021 to be the default in its apps (e.g., Word). Old name: Bierstadt (beer city). Town in california

word's fonts

1st: Times New Roman (Serif)
2nd (2007): Calibri (sans serif)
3rd: Aptos (sans serif)

Serif vs. sans serif

with tiny lines (feet), e.g. Times new Roman, common in print vs. without (e.g. Calibri/Aptos), common in screens

London Underground's fonts

100 years used Johnstons Sans font. In 2016 did tiny change to Johnston 100 font, to make it digitally friendly

US Department of states' fonts

1) Courier ("typewriter" and old computers font", IBM, serif)
2) Times New Roman (Word): 2004
3) Calibri (2023): changed to help visually impaired workers

Thomas Phinney

Works in Adobe's font group, helped in court as font expert to check forgery. Document supposedly from 1983 was printed in inkjet printer (invented late 80s). Document from 1968 used font inventes 25 years later.

ScienceGothic.com

site allows user to personally adjust a Sceince Gothic font (Thomas Pinney)

Sentence with all letters in english once

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

self checkout

Paying in supermarket through a machine. Wlamart & Cotsoco's customers complained it is slow and unreliable, and prefer satffed cash registers.

Joe Woodland

Inventor of barcode

bar code

Invented in 1974 in USA by Woodland. Inspired by Morse code. Before seller had to type price of each product, and it was slow

Erika Iris Simmons

an artist that used old cassette tapes to portray celibraties and musician, specifically the artists of the tapes' song.

cassette tape

A tape storage media introduced in the 1960s in which the tape was enclosed in a small plastic molding, or cassette.

Dominique Blaine

a Canadian artist that made Missa

Missa

100 army boots symbolising the victims of war. made by Dominique Blaine. shown in Mauntrial.

Jan Simek

A professor from the University of Tennessee. discovered ancient cave art in alabama.
wrote antiquity.

ancient cave in Alabama

had ancient cave art of a man and the sacred rattlesnake, which may have represented spirits of the underworld. was discovered by Jan Simek using photogammetry.

glyph

rock painting

photogammetry

overlapping images joined together

Sulawesi Cave Art

art from 40,000 years ago in Leang Timpuseng Cave, Sulawesi island, Indonesia. in it there is painting of a female pig-deer (babirusa) and the oldest hand stencil

babirusa

AKA pig-dear. appears in Sulawesi Cave Art from 40,000 years ago. one of the oldest Figuritive arts.

Finches

a bird family from the Galapagos islands. they were studied and sketched by Charlse Darwin. each of the 13 islands had a slightly different speices of it. it was a key to the discovery of evalution.

Charles Darwin

discovered evalution. on his Beagle trip to the Galapagos islands he studied and s ketched many animals such as finches which helped him discover evalution.

Lascaux Caves

from France. recreated fully by Jean-Pierre Chadelle because of overcrowdedness and CO2. had glyphs of bulls and horses.

Jean-Pierre Chadelle

recreated the Lascaux Caves

Machu Picchu

abandoned city in Peru. was once in the Incan empire. had rigid quotas put on it. is considered a wonder of the world.

quotas on Machu Picchu

in 2019 the Peruvian autharities started restricting visitors to the site. they started by restricting visiting hours to 4 a day and even 3 in some areas and then they also set a 4000, then a 5000, visitor limit.

E.S. Wheeler

proposed to build a replica of the great pyramid of Giza in Detroit, Michigan, USA for impracticle reasons and using unreasonable ways

Eifella

a Mini (32 meter tall) tribute to the Eiffel Tower made by Phillipe Maindron in 2023 in Paris, France

Phillipe Maindron

built Eifella, a tribute to the Eiffel Tower

Eiffel Tower

made by Gustave Eiffel, 1889. in Paris, France.

Eiffel Tower replicas

in atleast 10 cities including Paris - Texas, Las Vegas - Nevada, Tokyo - Japan (the tallest), Tianducheng - China, and even Lahore -Pakistan

Baku

capital of Azerbaijan. pretty low density

Kuala Lumpur

Capital of Malaysia. pretty crowded

Lithodomos

Australian company that uses 5 dollar VR to experiance ancient cities. founder Simon Young

andrew Goldman

history professor that uses VR (from cardboard) to show ancient places such as pompeii before it was destroyed.

Modigliani VR: The Ochre Atelier

VR experiance in Tate Meusium in London showing the Parisian artist, Modigliani's, studio from 100 years ago

The Opening of the Diet 1863 by Alexander II

VR experiance in National Museum of Finland showing a Diet (19th century Finnish parlament) meating. based on a painting by R.W. Ekman

I Came and Went as a Ghost Hand

VR art, London, 2016, Rachel Rossin

La Camera Insabbiata

VR art of a tree room. Laurie Anderson & Hsin-Chien Huang. 2017, Taipe, Taiwan

Judith on the Red Square

Painting of the head of Josef Stalin perched on Judith's (an Israelite who beheaded an invading general) hand by Komar and Melamid (2 exiled Soviet artists)

Judith

an Israelite woman who seduced and then beheaded an invading Assyrian general, Holofernes. she has a lot of art about her and she represents female rage

Giorgio Vasari

Italian painter that made "Judith and Holofernes" in 1554 using a Mannerist style

Mannerism

an artistic movement from Italy in the 16th century. had artificial and exxagerated qualities

Judith and Holofernes (2012)

made by Kehinde Wiley. shows Judith as a black woman

The Girl with the Pearl Earring

made by Johannes Vermeer in 1665. when the Mauritshuis Museum in the Hague lent it out in 2023 it launched a compitition to find something to hang in it's place.

My Girl With a Pearl

a compititon to temporrerelly replace the faemos painting. out of 3500 submissions, there were 5 winners, one of which was created with AI

A Girl with Glowing Earrings

made by Julian van Dieken using AI. one of 5 winners of an art compition. it is said that it infringes on copyright and is an "incredible insult"

Julian van Dieken

made A Girl with Glowing Earrings using AI

Napoleon Crossing the Alps

made by Jacques-Louis David. Napoleon didn't agree to pose so David used his son. replaced his mule with a stallion. it was innaccurate but Napoleon liked it. had Hannibal and charlamagne written.

Jacques-Louis David

made Napoleon Crossing the Alps

Paul Delaroche

made an accurate, but dull version of Napoleon Crossing the Alps

Emanuel Leutze

made "Washington Crossing the Delaware" (1851), which is iconic and inaccurate

Mort Kunstler

made an accurate, but dull version of "Washington Crossing the Delaware" (raft instaid of boat

Robert Colescott

made "George Washington Carver Crossing the Delaware" where all the men in the ship are African Americans. againt the omission of African Americans.

Castillo San Felipe del Morro

in San Juan, Puerto Rico. was a fort built by the Spanish, is now a meusium with a great view of the sea

Funai castle

Japam, builit in 1562, mostly destroyed, recently beautiful LED lights

3D models & VR & LED

reconstruct broken castles.
7 castles
Guildford Castle
Funai castle

Guildford Castle

One of the oldest castle in south England (1066). Reconsturcted in VR.

castle

from Europe and the middle east. Goal: protect king and his people. Typically Includes: thick walls, heavy gates, high towers, slits, & moats.

Palace

All around the world. Grand residence, often of head of state. Goal: to "show off". Typically includes : elaborate architecture, golden throns, banquat halls, many decorated rooms etc.,

The Winter Palace

Peter the Great in Russia built in St. Peterburg largely on influence of Versailles, museum

Buckingham palace

The home of the Royal Family, the London residence of the British sovereign

Rambagh Palace

former residence of the Maharaja of Jaipur (north india), Now hotel

Parador Alcaniz

Spain, former castle, now hotel

St Donats Castle

Former castle in Wales, now private school

Alnwick Castle

Former castle, now museum, was used to shoot harry potter scenes, England.

Doune Castle

former castle, now museum, Scotland.

Old London bridge

built in the time of the Romans. for many years the only bridge on the river thames. had houses and shops. was rebuilt many times. was replaced because its arches were to narrow.

Claude de Jongh

made a painting of the Old London Bridge. Dutch.

the High Line

it was an elavated railway in NYC that was made into a very long but narrow park

Kai Task and Athens airports

in Hong Kong and Athens. made into nieghborhoods

Urban rooftops in th US

are becoming organic farms

Parking lots in France

are covered by solar panels

Cuneiform

A pictographic form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge shaped stylus and clay tablets. the first system of writing. originally for trade and accounting

Petroglyph

an image carved into rock mostly by prehistoric people across the world.

Nsibidi

a pictogram from southeastern Nigeria.

Quipu

A recording device made from strings from Andean South America (the Incas).

Dispilio Tablet

a wooden tablet with markings on it from ancient Greece.

Oracle bones

an ox scapula and a turtle plaston added together. It was used for pyromancy in ancient China

Cyclon

a cylendrical stone marked with marks and cuts and incisions, from the aboriginal Australians

Geoglyph

a large design made on the ground from mainly South America and England but also around the world