Enlightment Study Guide

Lasting effects of the enlightenment

Human reason could solve problems. The belief that all people had natural right

When did the enlightenment occur?

The 1700s or the 18th century.

Define enlightenment.

A new way of thinking about government and people that started in Paris.

Define suffrage.

The right to vote.

How did Locke influence the US Constitution?

The best form of government was a form of government like a constitutional monarchy. Life, liberty, and property.

How did Rousseau influence the US Constitution?

He made the social contract which committed individual freedom.

How did Voltaire influence the US Constitution?

Fought right of freedom of speech and of religion

How did Beccaria influence the US Constitution?

He was an Italian philosopher that turned his thoughts into the justice system.

How did Montesquieu influence the US Constitution?

He believed in the separation of power in checks and balances this is what helps govern the constitution

How did Wollstonecraft influence the US Constitution?

Stated that women should have the same education as men.

What is the first amendment of the US Constitution?

Protected rights to freedom of speech religion, the press the right to peacefully assemble, and to petition the government.

Put these events in order one the scientific revolution to the classical time. Three enlightenment and for the American Revolution.

The first is the scientific revolution. The second is the American revolution. The third is the classical time. And the fourth is the enlightenment.

Explain the outcomes of the scientific revolution.

Traditional empirical, understanding of the universe in physics, astronomy, and biology.

Define a social contract.

In agreement between the people and government where people exchange some freedoms for protection from the government to secure their basic rights.

Define anarchy.

A state of disorder due to the absence or non-recognition of authority on controlling other systems.

Explain Hobbs’s view on the best form of government.

He believed in a state of nature and social contract

Explain Locksview on the best form of government.

He believed in life, liberty, and property

Explain Rousseau‘s view on the best form of government.

He believed that people are good and then are corrupted by Society.

Explain Divine rights.

A King’s right to rule is determined by God.

Explain Natural rights

Rights that every human should have

Defined the importance of salon.

They were places to discuss ideas, art, and books

Give the importance of encyclopedias.

Expert writing overview of subjects also in alphabetical order

Who was Frederick the great

He granted many religious freedoms and reduced censorship

Who was Joseph the second

He introduced religious freedom and got rid of the serfdom

Who was Catherine the great?

She used some enlightenment ideas, but never put in much effort. She gave most of the her power to the night.

Define enlightenment Despot

A state of deep, spiritual awakening, understanding, and liberation from suffering.

Who did the enlightenment affect the most?

Europeans, American colonist and eventually global society.

Define censorship.

Removing writing or artistic work that are considered obscene politically unacceptable or a threat to security.

Define literacy.

Competence or knowledge in a specified area

Define reform.

Making changes in order to improve something typically a social political or economic institution or practice.

Define despot

Absolute power

Define compile.

Produce by assembling information collected from other sources

How did enlightenment ideas challenge traditional authority in Europe?

It promoted reason, individualism, and critic