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quiz 339-341
Neutrality Declaration
Wilson urged Americans to remain impartial during war.
Allied Sympathy
American support for Allies grew due to cultural ties.
Economic Trade
US traded more with Allies than Central Powers.
Quadrupled Exports
US exports to Allies increased nearly fourfold (1914-1916).
Credit Purchases
Allies bought war supplies from US on credit.
German Sabotage
German agents plotted attacks on US munitions factories.
Freedom of the Seas
US maintained right to trade as a neutral.
Submarine Warfare
German U-boats targeted American and Allied ships.
Military Zone Declaration
Britain declared North Sea a military zone.
Sussex Pledge
Germany promised not to sink ships without warning.
Contraband Items
Goods that can be seized in wartime.
British Cargo Seizures
Britain seized cargoes destined for neutral nations.
U-boat
German submarine used for warfare during WWI.
Wilson's Campaign Slogan
'He kept us out of war' during 1916 election.
Cultural Gratitude
Americans appreciated France's help in independence.
German Atrocities
Reports of German violence fueled American outrage.
Historical Respect
Americans respected British law and institutions.
Political Freedom
Allied victory seen as promoting global democracy.
War of 1812
Previous conflict over similar maritime issues.
Secretary William Bryan
Resigned over concerns about war declaration.
Final Break with Germany
Increased tensions led to US entering the war.
Election of 1916
Key moment in US history regarding war stance.
National Defense Act
Legislation to strengthen U.S. military forces.
Sussex Pledge
Germany's promise to limit submarine warfare.
Lusitania
British luxury liner sunk by German submarine.
War Zone Declaration
Germany declared British Isles area a combat zone.
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
Policy of sinking ships without warning.
Diplomatic Relations
Formal interactions between countries.
Merchant Vessel Safety
Requirement to protect passengers and crew.
Ramming Vulnerability
Submarines risk collision when surfacing.
German Government Justification
Claimed Lusitania carried munitions.
American Public Outrage
Increased calls for war after Lusitania sinking.
Wilson's Protests
Series of notes sent to Germany.
French Steamer Sussex
Sunk without warning, prompting U.S. warning.
Casualties of Lusitania
Over 1,000 people died, including Americans.
Congressional Response
Legislative body reacted to submarine threats.
International Law
Rules governing conduct between nations.
War Declaration Calls
Public demand for U.S. to enter war.
German Submarine Attacks
Sank merchant ships in war zone.
Wilson's Peace Efforts
Attempt to mediate and avoid conflict.
American Lives Lost
Significant casualties raised war tensions.
Munitions on Lusitania
Cargo included weapons, justifying German action.
Submarine Warfare Impact
Shifted American public opinion towards intervention.
German Pledge Stipulation
Conditioned on British adherence to international law.
Submarine Policy Shift
Germany ceased attacks after U.S. protests.
President Wilson
Elected for a second term in 1916.
Charles Evans Hughes
Republican candidate defeated by Wilson in 1916.
1916 Election
One of the closest elections in U.S. history.
Campaign Slogan
Wilson's slogan: 'He kept us out of war.'
National Defense Act
1916 act increasing army size and national guard.
$500 million authorization
Funding for battleships, destroyers, and submarines.
Council of National Defense
Organized to unify American resources for war.
Peace Without Victory
Wilson's call for equitable peace negotiations.
Limitation of Armaments
Wilson's proposal to reduce military weapons.
Freedom of the Seas
Wilson advocated for unrestricted maritime navigation.
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
Germany's policy to sink ships without warning.
Zimmermann Note
Secret German proposal for Mexico to ally.
Lost Territory
Mexico's claim to Texas, New Mexico, Arizona.
Diplomatic Relations Broken
U.S. cut ties with Germany on February 3, 1917.
Merchant Ship Defense
Wilson ordered arming of American merchant vessels.
Overt Acts
Wilson's condition for declaring war on Germany.
American Merchant Ships
Four unarmed ships sunk by German submarines.
April 2, 1917
Wilson requested war declaration from Congress.
April 6, 1917
Congress declared war on Germany.
Associate Power
U.S. entered war to avoid entangling alliances.
Allied Cause
U.S. joined forces with Allies in World War I.
Mobilization
U.S. preparation for military action against Germany.
