Forestry

tulip tree

American beech tree

magnolia tree

Sweetgum tree

red cedar tree

loblolly pine tree

small-leaved elm tree

willow oak

red maple

water oak

eastern redbud

flowering dogwood

ginkgo tree

red oak

white oaks

clearcutting

full sunlight to the ground stimulates weeds, grass, shrubs, seedlings, and sprouts

negatives of clearcutting

creates edges, mast and den trees are lost, displaces squirrel, raccoon, and many songbirds

positive of clearcutting

favors quail, deer, turkeys, doves, rabbits, butterflies, hawks, and some songbirds

prescribed burning

reduced litter, encourages seed germination, and growth of annual plants

positives of prescribed burning

improves habitat for quail, turkey, and other wildlife. The effect lasts from 2-4 years

log road stabilizations

basic use is to provide access into a timber of forest area and for the transporting of logs out of the area by track

positives of log road stabilization

stabilized with gravel to prevent soil erosion, protects fish and other stream organisms, the clearing of land to build these roads also encourages turkey, quail, rabbit, and some songbirds

thinning

increases light reaching ground, removes low quality low vigor trees, improves most production

positives of thinning

improvement for deer, turkey,quail, woodcock, some birds and insects

negatives of thinning

small loss of nesting and feeding sights

buffer strips

protects mast, den trees, and perches, maintain stream temperature and quality, filter light, sound, dust, and wind

positives of buffer strips

sanctuary for animals displaced by clearcutting, serve as corridor between undisturbed habitats, protect fish and other stream wildlife, provide edges

mechanical site preperation

reduces litter, stimulates sprouting, seed germination

chemical site preparation

prevents soil compaction, erosion, and stream sedimentation, discourages hardwood sprouting and other food plants depending on treatment used, annual plant increase after 1 year

natural regeneration or pine planting

gradually reverses effects of clear cutting