Public Speaking Exam 1 - Ch. 1 notes

why study public speaking?

1. personal benefits: develop academic skills, gain knowledge, and build self-confidence

2. professional benefits: secure employment, #1 skill to career advancement

3. civic engagement benefits: play role as member of society, consider alternate view points

we remember:

10% of what we read (least effective), 20% of what we hear, 30% of what we see, and 7-% of what we speak.

origins of public speaking (ancient Greece and Rome)

Aristotle and Cicero (public policy, roots of democracy), Rhetoric/oratory = preparing and delivering effective speeches.

Greeks: Agora/public space Romans = Forum/public space

public speaking = ….

learned skill

1. is an acquired skill

2. improves with effort

3. is similar to conversation and writing

4. utilizes skills you already have

Intrapersonal communication

1. communicating with one’s self (self talk)

2. awareness of one’s own thoughts and feelings inside his own head

INTRA

Interpersonal Communication

communication between TWO people

INTER = BETWEEN

(small) group communication

3 or more people who can see and speak directly with each other

GROUP = 3 or more people

public speaking

1. speaker delivers message in person, face to face with an audience with a specific purpose

2. interaction is direct and largely done without interruption

THIS CLASS!!

Mass Communication

1. speaker delivers message to a large (often unknown) audience who is usually not present or crowd is so immense there is little interaction

ex) books, TV, radio, video conferencing

public speaking always includes:

1. a speaker with a reason for speaking

2. an audience that gives its attention

3. a message meant to accomplish a purpose

Shared Meaning - the mutual understanding of a message between speaker and audience

source

the speaker, sender, or encoder who creates a message

encoding: the process of converting thoughts into words (organization, word choice sentence structure)

Receiver

the listener, recipient, or decoder of the message

decoding = the process of interpreting a message

message

the thoughts, ideas, or content being communicated

channel

the medium through which the speaker sends a message (air, electronic transmission, TV, phones, air)

noise

any interference in the communication process that distracts from effective communication

physical noise

distractions originating in the physical environment

physiological noise

distractions originating in the bodies of the communicators

psychological noise

distractions originating in the thoughts of communicators

context

anything that influences the speaker, audience, or occasion

(recent events, physical setting, order and timing of speeches, cultural orientation of audience members, rhetorical situation/reason for speaking)

audience centered perspective

keeping the needs, values, attitudes, and wants of the audience in focus