English Civil War Flashcards

Flashcards for review of English Civil War lecture.

Ulster Plantation

Policy initiated by Elizabeth I and accelerated by James I to send Protestants, primarily Scottish settlers, to the North of Ireland to create a political and military counterbalance to the Catholic population.

Fellem O'Neill

A member of the Irish Catholic nobility who plotted to overthrow the Protestant Ulster plantation and restore Catholic power in Ireland.

Irish Rebellion of 1641

A Catholic uprising in Ireland, beginning in October 1641, aimed at overthrowing the Protestant Ulster plantation and reasserting Catholic nobility's power, marked by violence and conflict.

Parliamentary Regiment (1646-47)

A military unit dispatched to Ireland to prevent Irish Royalists from assisting Charles I.

Cromwell's Irish Campaign (1649)

Military campaign led by Oliver Cromwell in Ireland, marked by sieges, massacres (e.g., Drogheda), and suppression of Royalist and Confederate forces.

Ireton's Command (1650)

Following Cromwell's departure, Ireton assumed military command in Ireland and continued the campaign.

Act of Settlement (implied)

The act following the surrender that led to land confiscations from Catholics.

Militia Bill (December 1641)

Legislation that challenged the king's authority over the militia, proposing parliamentary control over army commanders, considered a radical step by Charles I.

Five Members

John Pym, John Hampden, Denzel Holles, Sir Arthur Haselrig, and William Strode — members of Parliament whom King Charles I attempted to arrest for treason.

Exclusion Bill (February 1642)

Proposed legislation to remove bishops from the House of Lords, weakening a source of support for Charles I.

Nineteen Propositions (July 1642)

A set of demands presented by Parliament to Charles I, seeking significant concessions, including parliamentary control over royal appointments and military affairs.

Charles Raises His Standard (August 1642)

The act of King Charles I summoning loyal subjects to join him in Nottingham, marking the formal declaration of war and the commencement of hostilities.

Thomas Wentworth

His recall to England in 1639 created a power vacuum in the Irish government.

Sir Arthur Hazelrig

MP for Leicester, supported the attainder of Stratford, and was one of the five members who managed to escape Charles' arrest attempt also a fervent Puritan.

Episcopacy

The government of a church by bishops.

The Tower of London

Charles assured command at the Tower Of London by managing to place a hardline royalist, colonel Thomas Lunsford, in charge.

William Lenthall

Speaker of the House who defied the King when he went to arrest the five members.

Hampton Court Palace

Where Charles moved his family after the London mob surged onto the streets.

Militia Ordinance

Transferred the authority to appoint lord lieutenants and their deputies from the king’s parliament and meant that parliament put itself in command of the militia.

Ship Money

Parliament proposed raising 400,000 in support of the militia by the old ship money mechanism.

Lucy Hutchinson

Contemporary writer who observed the civil war.

Lawrence Stone

A leading civil war historian identified religion as an indicator of local allegiances.

Joseph Lister

Remembered sad discourses I heard about this time.

Sir John Hotham

Yorkshire man who had been pushed out of local power by rise of Wentworth family. He also switched sides to become a prime minister in 1643.

Oliver Cromwell

Mobilized the ordinary people in East Anglican counties.

Sir Thomas Nybride

Wrote to his wife in May 1642 about dilemma in siding with king of parliament.

John Morell

His seminal work, the revolt of the provinces, in which he uncovered evidence that at least 22 countries attempted at least 22 counties attempted to make new neutrality pacts.

Royal Standard

It is the flag that is flown when the monarch is present.

Grand Remonstrance

Showed how parliamentary consensus was stable while lacking abuses of the personal rule.

Constitutional Royalism

Reflecting support for the institution of the monarch, providing that it stayed within the bounds of tradition and common practice.

Nineteen Propositions

Parliament's last effort to contain the king.

Hartford

Place where rapid petition followed from warning parliament against its new unheard of state to style and believe that the parliament which is divided in itself.

The Hague

The capital of the Dutch Republic where the queen was staying at.

Sir John Hoffman

Appointed the new governor of Hull by parliament in January 1642.

Hull

In April, the king went to Hull to requisition the arms and ammunition that were in storage following the Bishops' Wars.

Royalist Lord Strange

Tried to seize arms and weapons from the arsenal at Manchester.

Commissions of Array

Parliament issued a formal order to raise the militia, which the king countermanded by invoking different prerogative means of raising an army called the commissions of array.

Robert Devereux

Earl of Essex and a leading Puritan nobleman. He worked in close alliance with John Pym.

Dublin Garrison Commander

Launches surprise attack and defeat the combined royalist confederate armies at their rendezvous points at in rough mines South of Dublin.

Westminster Parliament

Long parliament had begun to put together a plan to manage Ireland from Westminster.

Bridge of Porterdown

Atrocity occurred there that supported Partington's account.

Buckinghamshire Rising

Opened the window window to wider phenomenon of the 1640s, the split of the country at large interparliamentary and royalist divisions.

Edge Hill

The first pitched battle of war took place there in November.

Bruton Branch Bill

Explains why Charles was so keen to emphasize the conservative nature of his religious policy against the unholy ideas of those who would like to break the church apart.

Constitutional Reform

The Catholic nobleman behind the October plot of '16 '40 '1 wanted to lead a program of constitutional reform.