APUSH Chapter 4: Slavery

Middle Passage

Route slaves had take from Africa to the Americas
- 1/5 died
- part of the triangular trade
- increased slavery in colonies

Slavery in Chesapeke

• tobacco-based slavery

• planter elites responsible for laws → increase in slavery

Slavery in SC/GA

• Rice based slavery

• very expensive to start

• Task system

Task System

Slaves given tasks for the day and rewarded with freedoms once complete

Creation of Georgia

• Originally a buffer colony

  • buffer from Spanish FL and SC

• Later, a large slavery colony with a large plantation based economy

NYC Slave Rebellion

• slaves set houses on fire

• killed 9 whites

• led to increase in slave codes and executions

Stono Rebellion

• Slaves tried to flee to FL

• Killed whites

• Slaves executed and harsher slave codes

Republicanism

• public life participation by being economically independent

• owning property made you more virtuous

Liberalism

• individuals and private life

• government should protect natural rights

  • John Locke: life, liberty, property

Great Awakening

• started because enlightenment led to decrease in religious participation

• religious revival

• led to new denominations and questioning of authority

• Critiqued material things

• increase of individualism

John Edwards

• sinners in the hands of an angry god

• god is angry → if you don’t convert you are going to hell

George Whitefield

• god wants to save you

• need to repent

7 years war

• French and Indian war

• Part of a global war

• Natives on both sides

• Ohio company sought land recognition from France

• Britan wins

• Peace of Paris (1763): France lost Canada and Spain lost Florida

Pontiac’s Rebellion

• natives revolted against the encroachment of british

• leads to Proclamation Line 1763

Proclamation Line of 1763

• Prohibited westward expansion beyond appalachian mountains → angers colonists

• natives could not sell land

Olaudah Equiano

• wrote about the horrific experiences on the Middle Passage

• Only of its kind

Analyze the ways in which Great Britain’s position in North America changed relative to the other European powers during the first three-quarters of the 18^th century.

• France has lots of land (Canada, the Middle America left of the Mississippi)

  • Very little settlement

    • Not well defended

• Spain had territory in California and Florida

• Great Britain gained lots of land

• 7 years war

  • France lost Canada

  • Spain lost Florida

• Due to a large population, land, and successful trading, Britain → able to become the largest power in North America

Assess the ideas of republicanism and liberalism and how they differed in 18th century British North America.

• Republicanism: economic freedoms, owning property

  • Civic virtue: put common good over personal interest

  • Saw Britain as a threat to liberty → fear of corruption

  • Active participation in government

• Liberalism: natural rights, individualism and private life

  • Individual over community

Explain the main characteristics of the three distinct slave systems found in Britain’s mainland colonies.

Chesapeake Slavery: tabacco slavery

• large plantations

• worked closely with whites → much more assimilated

South Carolina/Georgia Slavery: Rice slavery

• most grueling

• task system

• mostly black population

• more autonomy but harsher conditions

Northern Slavery: small-scale slavery

• less essential

• skill-based trades

• household servants

Evaluate the extent to which the colonists’ sense of a collective British identity changed during the years before 1764.