ACUTE AND CHRONIC SINUSITIS.lecture -Autosaved-

What is rhinosinusitis?

Inflammation of the mucosal lining of the nose and paranasal sinuses.

Acute sinusitis duration

Less than 4 weeks.

Chronic sinusitis duration

More than 12 weeks.

What are the four pairs of sinuses?

Maxillary, ethmoid, frontal, and sphenoid.

Function of the nasal turbinates

They help humidify and filter the air as it passes through the nasal cavity.

What is the osteomeatal complex?

An area where the maxillary, anterior ethmoidal, and frontal sinuses drain into the middle meatus.

Physiologic function of sinuses includes:

Resonance, humidification, heat insulation, trauma protection, and local immunologic defense.

Three major factors involved in sinusitis pathophysiology

Narrow sinus ostia, dysfunction of ciliary apparatus, and viscous sinus secretions.

Infectious agents that can cause sinusitis

Viral, bacterial, and fungal infections.

Common bacterial causes of acute sinusitis include:

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis.

Key clinical feature of rhinosinusitis

Facial pain and nasal congestion.

What is a common complication of untreated sinusitis?

Meningitis.

Which type of imaging is used to investigate paranasal sinus issues?

Computed Tomography (CT) scan.

What is the role of mucociliary clearance in sinus health?

To remove mucus and pathogens from the sinuses.

What is the recommended treatment for acute sinusitis?

Appropriate antibiotics, decongestants, and possibly surgery if needed.

The lateral wall of the nose has?

3 turbinates (inferior, middle, superior) with corresponding meatus

Where does the inferior turbinates originate from?

Maxilla

Where do the superior and middle turbinates originate from

Ethmoid bone

Nasolacrimal ducts drain into

Inferior meatus

Posterior ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses drain into

Superior meatus

Fungal causes of rhinosinusitis

Aspergillus, Candida