Introduction to Industrial-Organizational Psychology

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts in Industrial-Organizational Psychology.

Industrial/Organizational Psychology

A specialty area within psychology that studies human behavior in work settings.

Personnel Psychology

A subfield of I/O psychology focusing on job analysis, recruiting, selecting, training, and evaluating employees.

Organizational Psychology

A subfield of I/O psychology concerned with leadership, job satisfaction, employee motivation, and organizational culture.

Hawthorne Effect

The phenomenon where individuals modify their behavior in response to being observed.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A theory proposing that human needs are arranged in a hierarchy, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.

Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory

A theory distinguishing between hygiene factors that prevent dissatisfaction and motivational factors that enhance job satisfaction.

Goal-Setting Theory

A theory emphasizing that specific and challenging performance goals can enhance employee motivation.

Self-Determination Theory

An approach to human motivation emphasizing the role of intrinsic motivation and the fulfillment of psychological needs.

Job Characteristics Model

A model that identifies five core job dimensions that influence job satisfaction and motivation.

Equity Theory

A theory suggesting that employees gauge their job satisfaction by comparing their inputs and outputs with others'.

Reinforcement Theory

A theory stating that behavior is shaped by its consequences; reinforces the idea that rewards increase desired behavior.

Expectancy Theory

A theory positing that employee motivation is based on the expected outcome of their efforts.

Tokenism

The practice of including a small number of minority group members in a way that gives the appearance of diversity without real inclusion.

Diversity and Inclusion

Recognition and value of differences among individuals in the workplace and the efforts to create an environment where everyone feels valued.

Coping Mechanisms

Strategies that individuals use to manage stress and reduce its impact on their health and productivity.

Emotional Intelligence (EI)

The ability to recognize, understand, and manage one's own emotions and the emotions of others.

Job Demands-Resources Model

A framework that describes how job demands and resources impact employee well-being and performance.