AP World History Vocabulary Quiz

Industrial Revolution

transformation from agriculturally to industrialized based societies

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

An international organization established to promote monetary cooperation, exchange stability, and economic growth founded after WWII. The IMF also works to lower unemployment and help countries in debt mangage their finances. (Several people argue that it helps to reinforce Western ideas of modernize and economics)

Islamic Fundamentalists

muslims who believe the Quran to be the literal guide to political, social, and religious life

Kenyatta, Jomo

Independence leader who help lead Kenya out of European imperialism. Founding father of Kenya. (He was a Pan-Africanist)

Khmer Rouge

A group of communist guerrillas in Cambodia from ~1976-79 led by Pol Pot, that gained control of Cambodia after the withdrawal of American troops from the Vietnam War. They initiated a reign of terror & genocide, killing over a million people to remove all Western influence from the country.

Laissez-Faire Economics (Capitalism, free market economics)

An economic system from Adam Smith in his book, Wealth of Nations, that stated that business and the economy would run best with no interference from the government. This economic system dominated most of the Industrial Revolution, and has frown as globalization has spread.

Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)

principle of deterrence founded on the notion that a nuclear attack by one superpower would be met with an overwhelming nuclear counterattack such that both the attacker and the defender would be annihilated (associated with Cold War relations between the USSR and the US)

Mao Zedong

Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalists. Established China as the People’s Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976.

Mandela, Nelson

A black South African leader who protested the policy of apartheid and spent over thirty years in prison before becoming the first black president of South Africa.

Matriarchy

a society of politica/social system in which women hold the pwoer

Mercantilism

The policy of building a nation’s wealth by exporting more goods than it imports. Colonies are instrumental in this policy as they supply their parent nations with raw materials that are used to produced finish foods, and then exported back to the colonies. Colonies not only served as a source for the raw materials, but also as an exclusive market for the parent country.

Migration

movement of people from one country or world region to another

Multinational Company

A company that does business in more than one country, usually be setting up brance offices (e.g. McDonalds, Apple, Nike, etc.)

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

An economic treaty between Canada, the United States, and Mexico to lower tariffs and create a free trade environment. NAFTA was ratified by its member nations in 1994. Encouraged more free trade, cheaper consumer goods and resulted in lower wages in some industries in the US.

Pan-Africanism

nationalistc movement which emphasized the unity of all Africans, and sought to end foreign controlP

Pan-Arabism

nationalistc movement which emphasized the unity of all Arabs, and sought to end foreign control in the Middle East

Patriarchy

system of social and/or familial organization based on the supremacy and centrality of the father or other males

Self-Determination

Refers to a number of distinct human rights. These include the right to equality under the law, the right to a nationality, the right to freely leave and return to a person’s country of origin, the right to freedom from prosecution because of race, religion, or gender, and a host of others. (relates to nationalism and began to become widely accepted in the mid-20th century.

Technology

practical application of science to industry, knowledge or daily life (everything from a stone to an iPhone)

Terrorism

use of violence against individuals or a society for the achievement of religious or political goals

Tiananmen Square Protests & Massacre

A political and social protest by university students in Beijing. China in May & June. 1989. The protest called for political and social reforms that resulted in the government using the military to end it on June 4th, 1989, which caused hundreds of deaths, thousands of injuries, and many more imprisoned.

United Nations

An international body composed of many countries that seeks to promote peace, prosperity, and cooperation around the world. It was formed in 1945 at the end of WWII

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

A document published by the United Nations in 1948 stating that all people have certain basic rights including life, liberty, equality, justice, and self determination

The World Bank

A vast financial resource owned and controlled by its membership of over 180 countries. The purpose of the bank, established in 1944, is to provide loans and economic advice to its member countries. (in the past 80 years - aka in the postwar era - it has been a vital part of the established global economic system reinforcing the values of the developed and wealthy world.)