Energy Transfer within the Body

Where does fat go?

• converted into carbon dioxide and water,

  • which are then exhaled and excreted from the body.

Triglyceride:

• Fats

• have Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen within them

What do you get when you break fat apart?

you get chains of carbon

What type of reaction is fat breaking apart (when carbon broke off for energy)

Exergonic reaction

Exergonic reaction

releasing energy

Endergonic Reaction

storing energy

How does carbon from fat get released from the body?

• Attaches to two oxygen

• Creates CO2

• Exhaled

Most mass leaves the body through…

CO2 exhale

After CO2 is gone what is left from the fat

Hydrogen Atoms

How is hydrogen from fat released from the body?

• breathe in air which gives you O2

• Pair 1O with 2H

• This gives you H2O which you pee out

3 macro nutrients that we capture chemical energy from

• carbohydrates (glucose)

• Triglyceride (Fats)

• Amino Acids (Proteins)

What type of energy is captured from food?

Chemical Energy

What is entropy?

• more disorganized

• less energy over time

What is the body’s preferred energy source?

Carbohydrates

What are the main steps of transferring carbohydrates into energy?

1. Glycolysis

2. Create Pyruvate

3. Coupled with endergonic reactions to transition some energy

4. get CO2 by oxdizing

What is Glycolysis

Splitting of glucose

• taking C6 and splitting to C3 and C3

What does glycolysis create

• C3 and C3 which are called pyruvates

What are the general things that happen when you split glucose?

• transfer energy in chemical bonds to ATP

• Capture some electrons (potential energy) by oxidizing glucose and reduce NAD+

How is NADH turned into ATP

• NAD gives two electrons to mitochondria pump

• This moves the proton (H+) to one side of the membrane

• Oxygen is then breathed in

• electrons migrate to the oxygen

• protons (H+) follow through the turbine to bond with oxygen

• Turbine releases energy from this

• This energy is used to add P to ADP making ATP