WHAP 0.1 Quiz

Hinduism

Oldest Major religion, 3rd largest, Henotheistic

Creator: Brahama

Other Gods: Shiva (Northern), Vishnu (Southern Central)

Karma: Will be reborn as a better life

Dhrama: Code of living, emphasizing good deeds

Buddhism

4th largest major religion

Goal: Nirvana (to find peace and enlightenment through following the 4 noble truths

Types of Buddhism:

Mahayana (most followed, helping others),

Vajryana (Tibetan, self enlightenment through prayer), Theravada (Very strict, Buddha's writing, rich people, southeast Asia

4 Noble Truths (Buddhism)

1. Truth of Suffering

2. Find Cause of Suffering

3. Solution for Suffering

4. Implementing right action (eighfold path)

The Noble Eightfold Path

Right views, Right intentions

Right speech, Right conduct

Right livelihood, Right effort

Right mindfulness, Right meditation

Judaism

Oldest monotheistic religion

Holy book: Torah

Christianity

Worlds most followed religion

Holy Book: Bible, New and Old testament

Creator: Jesus Christ

Islam

Worlds second most followed religion, Newest monotheistic

Creator: Muhammad

Holy book: Koran

Meaning of "Islam": to Surrender

Profits: Muhammad, Adam, Noah, Abraham, Solomon, Jesus

5 pillars of Islam

Faith (Shahada) Prayer (Salah)

Charity (Almsgiving) Fasting (Sawm) Pilgrimage (Hajj)

Confucianism (not a religion)

Filial piety: respecting ancestors and elders

Location: China

Creator: Confucius

Purpose: to Unite China

Daoism/Taoism: Religions that developed after Confucianism

After the Han Dynasty....

Buddhism is sweeping into China due to trade, challenging the religous foundations of China (Buddhism vs. Confucianism)

The End of the Sui Dynasty

Overthrown by Li Family

Li Yuan: Patriarch of Li family, in power for 3 years

Li Shimin: Li Yuan's son, kills him and takes throne

Emperor Xuanzong

44 years of ruling, Golden age of Tang (trade), Abolished death penalty, Increased money supply/reduced inflation

Positive/Negative Effects of Trade in Tang

Positive: Surplus of soures, technological advancements

Negative: Filial piety decreases, loss of tradition, challenging Buddhism

Tang in Turmoil

After Xuanzong's death, military governors challenged the power of the central government.

Trade Route

Silk road (land/sea based), sea trade was difficult due to lack of technology, very dangerous (bandits, pirates)

Main Exports Trade

1. Silk

2. Porcelain

3. Woodwork

Grand Canal System

Created under Sui Dynasty (advanced under Tang)

Connects North and South Rivers (Yangze and Yellow Rivers)

Tang Dynasty Technological Advancements

1. Woodblock printing

2. Waterwheel time keeper

3. Advances in medicine (diabetes)

4. Architechture and Structural Engineering

5. Use of Natural Gas

6. Gunpowder (by Accident, used for fireworks)

Ghurid Dynasty

Location: Present day Afghanistan to Northern India

Brought Islam (Sunni) to South Asia

Starts with Muhammed Ghori, In constant war with Turks

Built Mosques

End of the Ghurids

Ghori Assassination in India, Within 10 years, empire becomes the Delhi Sutlanate (Muslims) led by Shah Muhammed

Chola Dynasty

Spread culture through trade

Hindu-inspired Architechture/Sculptures

Education System Advances (Literacy Rates increase)

Chola Government

It was a sustained monarchy (Bureaucracy),

Divided into provinces known as mandalams (governors ruled)

They were divided into further districts called nadus

The Fall of Rome

313 CE Constantine becomes tolerant of Christianity

330 CE Split of Rome (Eastern and Western)

Problems led to trade deficit (inflation, attacks)

The End of a Dynasty (Western Roman Empire)

Corruption became rampant, government full of political amateurs

476 CE: The last Roman Emperor was overthrown by barbarians

Germanic tribes: Visigoths, Vandals, Saxons, Franks

Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire)

Eastern Orthodox Christian,

Similar Roman government style (saw themselves as emperors)

Capital: Constantinople

Justinian Code: Law system (changed laws to more modern), gave women some rights

Byzantine Politics

No matter social standing, everyone can rise in rank

Aristocrats dominated

Bureaucracy organized empire, Provincial Governors appointed

Food prices regulated by governors through trade

Byzantine Culture

Architechture (Domed buildings)

Richly colored religious mosaics

Orthodox Christian culture and art

Byzantine Decline

Decline begins after schism (1054)

Crusaders sack Constantinople, and independent slavic states emerge

3 Reasons of Decline: Seljuk Turks, emerging Slavic states, and Western Crusaders

The Great Schism (1054)

The split between the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church

Argument started with Priest Arius wanting to be married

Major Differences of the Churches

Roman Catholic: God, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit are one.

Eastern Orthodox: God, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit are separate entities.

Hagia Sophia

Representatives met at the __________ to discuss their differences. Heated discussion over the ex-communication of the Patriarch of Constantinople.

Al-Andalus

A Christian chief went to North Africa to get help to overthrow Visigoths

9 years ater, Spain/Portugal were under Muslim Rule

Golden Age of Spain

Libraries, colleges, bath houses, literature, poetry, and arcitechture all flourished (Under Islamic-Rule)

Religion in Spain

If not Muslim, every year you must pay a

religious tax (Jiyza tax)

Not allowed to live in Al-Andus if not Muslim

Not allowed to convert others to a religion other than Islam

The Age of Intellect

Cordoba (Oldest university) was the center of wealth

Islam saved Greek literature/philosophy due to arabic translation.

Decline/Fall of Islamic Spain

Christians were enroaching from all sides

Islamic caliphates were splintering

Strong rulers replaced with ineffective rulers