ICT and Digital Literacy - Vocabulary Flashcards (Lecture Notes)

A vocabulary-style set of flashcards covering ICT fundamentals, social media, convergence and web evolution, online safety, policies, and common productivity tools from the lecture notes.

Information and Communications Technology (ICT)

refers to all electronic and communication technologies that enable the management and distribution of information.

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme; organization cited in the ICT notes.

Networked World

a global environment where ICT tools work together to connect people and information.

People (ICT components)

the humans responsible for developing, maintaining, inputting data, and interpreting outputs of an ICT system.

Procedures (ICT components)

the ordered actions and conditions that ensure ICT systems run smoothly and data is exchanged.

Hardware (ICT components)

the physical components of an ICT system.

Software (ICT components)

programs and applications that provide instructions to a device.

Data (ICT components)

raw facts that can be processed, stored, and transmitted by ICT.

Information (ICT components)

the processed, organized, and structured data that has meaning.

Home (Impact of ICT)

the influence of ICT on households and domestic life.

Communication Tool (Impact of ICT)

ICT enables real-time, widespread communication.

Education (Impact of ICT)

ICT supports teaching, learning, and access to educational resources.

Employment (Impact of ICT)

ICT shapes job opportunities and work processes.

Government (Impact of ICT)

ICT enables e-government services and public administration.

Commerce (Impact of ICT)

ICT supports online shopping, payments, and digital marketplaces.

Entertainment Industry (Impact of ICT)

ICT fuels streaming, gaming, and digital media industries.

Social Networking Sites (SNS)

sites that enable real-time conversations and virtual communities (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn).

Media-Sharing Sites

platforms for uploading and sharing multimedia content (e.g., YouTube, Vimeo, Instagram).

Discussion Sites

online forums for debates and discussions (e.g., Reddit, Quora).

Bookmarking and Content Curation Sites

sites used to search for information and ideas (e.g., Pinterest, Digg).

Blogging and Publishing Networks

platforms to publish ideas online (e.g., WordPress, Tumblr, Medium).

Consumer Review Networks

platforms to share information about products or services (e.g., Yelp, Glassdoor).

Mobile Media

portable devices and media platforms that are easily carried.

Assistive Media

media that increases or improves functional abilities for users with disabilities.

Visually Impaired (Assistive Media)

tools like text-to-speech, braille displays, magnifiers, and talking devices.

Hearing Impairments (Assistive Media)

devices like hearing aids, amplified phones, vibrating alarms, speech-to-text, captioning.

Speech Difficulty (Assistive Media)

speech-generating devices, voice amplification devices, stuttering aids, artificial larynx, communication boards.

Learning Difficulty (Assistive Media)

memory aids, specialized apps, audiobooks, activity-driven devices, and text-to-speech tools.

Technological Convergence

state in which two or more technology entities and functions are combined into one device or system.

Computing Technology (3Cs)

combining the functions of two or more devices into one gadget (hardware).

Content Technology (3Cs)

converges different media formats into one multimedia experience.

Communication Technology (3Cs)

fast and effective transfer of information through the collaboration of different communication technologies.

Web 1.0

read-only, static web; used as information portals and for advertising; HTML encodes pages.

Web 2.0

writable web; dynamic websites; users become authors and contributors; social web.

Web 3.0

executable web; delivers customized services using AI and machine learning.

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language; standard language for encoding web pages.

CSS

Cascading Style Sheets; language used to control layout and appearance of web pages.

Dynamic Web Page

a web page that can update content in real time without reloading the page.

Website vs Web Page

a website is a collection of related web pages; a web page is a single document.

Digital Footprint

permanent traces of a person’s online activity.

Cookies

small files stored on a computer by websites to remember data and track activity.

Hacking

unauthorized access to private information, accounts, or systems.

Identity Theft

stealing someone’s personal information to impersonate them.

Phishing

fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information by pretending to be legitimate.

Internet Predators

individuals who lure minors into online sexual acts or relationships.

Cyberbullying

online harassment or intimidation through digital platforms.

Virus

malicious code that replicates itself and can disrupt systems.

Worm

self-replicating malware that spreads across networks.

Trojan

malware disguised as legitimate software that gains access to data.

Spyware

software that secretly collects user information.

Adware

software that displays ads and may track user activity.

Ransomware

malware that encrypts data and demands payment for release.

Fileless Malware

malware that operates in memory with little trace.

Online Safety Tips

practices to stay safe online (e.g., think before you click, strong passwords).

Netiquette

internet etiquette; proper behavior in online communities.

Terms and Conditions

the user agreement regulating use of an online service.

Cyberlaw

legal principles governing internet use and cyber activity.

Laws, Architecture, Norms, Market Regulation

four main regulatory approaches to the internet.

TCPA

Telephone Consumer Protection Act; restricts unsolicited calls and requires consent.

CAN-SPAM Act

law governing email marketing and bulk messages.

Native Advertising Guidelines

rules to prevent misleading online advertising.

DMCA

Digital Millennium Copyright Act; governs online copyright and enforcement.

Fair Use

permitted use of copyrighted material without permission under certain conditions.

ACPA

Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act; protects trademarks from cybersquatting.

GLBA

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act; requires financial institutions to disclose data policies.

HIPAA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; protects patient data privacy.

COPPA

Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act; protects children under 13 online.

CFAA

Computer Fraud and Abuse Act; regulates unauthorized access to computers/networks.

SEO

Search Engine Optimization; improving search results and information credibility.

Clarify (Search Process)

define the task before searching.

Search (Process)

use specific terms; apply quotes for exact phrases.

Delve (Search Process)

look beyond initial results and evaluate sources.

Evaluate (Search Process)

verify reliability and cross-reference information.

Cite (Search Process)

paraphrase information and credit sources.

Word Processor

software to create, edit, and format text documents.

Microsoft Word

popular desktop word processor by Microsoft.

Google Docs

cloud-based word processor enabling real-time collaboration.

Footnotes and Cross-References

notes that link to additional information within a document.

Headers, Footers, and Page Numbers

reusable page-area elements for document titles and pagination.