LAND REFORM

Land Reform

refers to a wide variety of programs and measures usually by the government to bring about more effective control and use of land for the benefit of the community.

Agrarian Reform

Along with land reform it also includes measures to modernize the agricultural practices and improving the living conditions of everyone within the entire agrarian community.

Vatican II Decree

stresses & reaffirms the biblical teachings the right to having a share of earthly goods sufficient for oneself and one's family belongs to everyone.

Art II Sec 10

promote social justice in all phases of national development

Art II Sec 21

promote comprehensive rural development & agrarian reform

Art X11 Sec 1

promote industrialization and full employment based on sound agricultural development and agrarian reform;

Art XIII Sec 2

afford full protection to labor and promote equal work opportunities

Art XIII Sec 4-10

undertake an agrarian reform program as well as housings programs for homeless citizens.

Art XIII Sec 1

regulate the acquisition, ownership, use, and disposition of property and its increments.

Pre-colonial era

Political system is Feudal

Pre-colonial era

led by warlord, the serf and slaves

timawas

freemen

serfs

aliping namamahay

serfs

Both master and ____ equally divided the produce of the land

serfs

They had houses of their own, maintained private property, and passed these on to their children as legacy.

Aliping saguiguilid

The slaves served the lord or master in both his house and farm.

Aliping saguiguilid

They were allowed some share of the harvest, but they were their master's property.

Aliping saguiguilid

they could be sold, particularly those captured in wars, or born and reared as farm hands.

Rice

served as the medium of exchange

Barangay

consists of 30-100 families

Kaingin

land cultivation and burn method.

Maragtas Code

the selling of the Panay Island to the ten Bornean datus in exchange for a golden salakot and a long gold necklace.

Encomienda system

lands were divided and granted to encourage Spanish settlers or reward soldiers who served the Crown.

Encomendero

acquired the right to collect tribute (tax) from the indios (natives) in the amount and form determined by the royal government.

Cabeza de barangay

datu was now called?

Dominican friars

leased their lands to both the natives and mestizos, who became known as Inquilinos.

Royal Decree 1880 and 1884

Under these decrees, the government granted a term of one year within which claims for free titles were to be filed.

First Philippine Republic

Established on January of 1899

First Philippine Republic

Aimed to confiscate large estates, especially the so-called Friar Lands.

First Philippine Republic

The declaration was contained in the Malolos Constitution

American period

some 400,000 native farmers were without titles, absence of records of issued titles and accurate land surveys.

American period

Land disputes began and agrarian troubles worsened.

Torrens system

To remedy the problem, the Americans introduced the Torrens system of land registration.

American period

Majority of farmers did not avail of the government's offer. Either they were not aware of the law or they could not pay the survey cost and other fees required in applying for a Torrens title.

Philippine Bill of 1902

imposed specific conditions on the disposition of public lands

Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No. 496)

provided for a comprehensive registration of land titles under the Torrens system

Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4054)

regulated relationships between landowners and tenants of rice lands

Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4113)

regulated relationships between landowners and tenants of sugar cane fields

Commonwealth period

Pedro Calosa spearheaded the so-called Colorum Revolt in Tayug, Pangasinan in 1931 and four years later, Benigno Ramos mounted the Sakdal Revolt in Cabuyao, Laguna.

Commonwealth period

In response to the spreading unrest, Quezon improved and strengthened existing laws on land tenure by giving more freedom to landowners and tenants to enter into tenancy contracts.

Commonwealth period

The Quezon administration began under the 1935 Constitution which declares, "The promotion of social justice to ensure the well-being and economic security of all people should be the concern of the State."

Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4054)

The act provided for a 50-50 sharing arrangement between landowners and tenants.

Republic Act No. 34

Amends RA 4054; established a 70-30 sharing arrangement between tenant and landlord.

Republic Act No. 34

It provided that whoever shouldered the expenses of planting and harvesting and provided the work animals would be entitled to 70 percent of the harvest.

Executive Order No. 355

Replaced the National Land Settlement Administration with Land Settlement Development Corporation (LASEDECO)

Executive Order No. 355

took over the responsibilities of the Agricultural Machinery Equipment Corporation and the Rice and Corn Production Administration.

Republic Act No. 1166

Creation of National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA)

Republic Act No. 1166

aimed at the peasant of the HUK movement and was successful in attracting rebels to return back to a peaceful life by giving them home lots and farms in NARRA settlement in Palawan and some parts of Mindanao.

Republic Act No. 1199

Agricultural Tenancy Act, provided security of tenure for tenants.

Republic Act No. 1400

Land Reform Act provided for the acquisition of large tenanted rice and corn lands over 200 hectares if owned by individuals; 600 hectares if owned by corporations.

Pres. Carlos P. Garcia

There were no legislation passed in his term but just continued to implement the land reform programs of Pres. Magsaysay.

Republic Act No. 3844

Agricultural Land Reform Code

Republic Act No. 3844

It abolished share tenancy

Republic Act No. 3844

supervised credit system of services to farmer beneficiaries

Republic Act No. 6389

Instituted Code of Agrarian Reform and created the Department of Agrarian Reform

Presidential Decree No. 2

Placed the whole country under the land reform program

Presidential Decree No. 27

Restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn lands.

Proclamation No. 131

Institutionalized the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) and Agrarian Reform Fund (ARF).

Republic Act No. 6657

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law.

Executive Order No. 228

Declared full ownership to qualified farmer-beneficiaries covered by P.D. 27.

Republic Act No. 7881, 1995

Amended certain provisions of RA 6657 and exempted fishponds and prawns from the coverage of CARP.