02 Attraction and Mate Selection

Evolutionary Theory - Natural Selection (Mate Selection)

Individuals are wired through evolution to choose mates who will enhance their own reproductive success.

Individuals have limited control over whom they find attractive.

Helen Fisher's Adaptive Behaviors (Evolutionary Theory)

1. Women prefer men who are good providers for them and their children. 2. Men prefer women who can bear healthy babies, feed them, and possess the intelligence and tendency to raise them

Social Homogamy

Individuals are attracted to people from similar social and cultural backgrounds, leading to shared values, life expectations, and high correlations in age, race, ethnicity, religion, socio-economic status, and political views.

The Ideal Mate Theory (Symbolic Interactionist Perspective)

Attraction is based on an individual's unconscious image of an ideal mate, formed by childhood experiences and perceptions of physical, cultural, and socio-economic factors. Negative experiences can lead to identifying certain characteristics as unacceptable

Theory of Complementary Needs (Social Exchange Theory)

Attraction is not based on an "ideal mate" but on psychological variables. Individuals assess their own resources and seek a mate whose characteristics complement theirs, often through a mutual attraction of differing traits.

Theory of Propinquity

People tend to form relationships (friendship or intimate) and marry those they frequently encounter in settings like school, work, religious institutions, or recreational activities. Increased proximity and interaction lead to a higher likelihood of relationship formation.

Filter Theory (Mate Selection)

Individuals develop a screening process to find a mate, filtering based on factors like age, appearance, status, and personality. The importance of a filter correlates with a decreased likelihood of compromise. Societal influences and personal goals (e.g., career establishment) also play a role in timing marriage.

Filter Theory (Mate Selection)

Individuals develop a screening process to find a mate, filtering based on factors like age, appearance, status, and personality. The importance of a filter correlates with a decreased likelihood of compromise. Societal influences and personal goals (e.g., career establishment) also play a role in timing marriage.

Structural Functionalism (Marriage and Family)

This perspective views the institution of marriage and family as fulfilling the needs of its members and society, contributing to social stability.

Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love

Love consists of three aspects: 1. Passion: Intense physical and sexual attraction. 2. Intimacy: A close bond, sharing thoughts and feelings, and emotional support. 3. Commitment: The decision to love someone and maintain that love, growing as the rewards of the relationship become evident.