Muscular System - Abreviations, Nomenclatures, and Movements

Flexion

Decreases the angle of a joint

Extension

increases the angle of a joint

Abduction

movement away from the midline

Adduction

movement toward the midline

Rotation

circular movement around an axis

Circumduction

circular movement from a fixed point (full infinete circle)

Dorsiflexion

lifting the foot/toes upwards

Plantar flexion

lowering the foot/toes

Supination

turning palm up

Pronation

turning the palm down

Elevation

raising upwards

Depression

Bring downward

Five nomeclatures

Action, Division, Location, Size, Shape

Nomenclature Division

Naming things based on many their is of it. Example: Biceps, triceps

Nomenclature Size

Naming things based on how big they are. Example maximus, minimus

Nomenclature Shape

Naming things based of their shape. Example: detoid (triangle), trapezins (trapizoid)

Nomenclature Action

Naming things based on what they do. Example: flexor

Nomenclature Location

Naming things based on where they are. Example Frontalis

anterior cruciate ligament

ACL

below knee amputation

BKA

calcium

Ca

carpal tunnel syndrome

CTS

electromyogram

EMG

intramuscular

IM

lateral collateral ligament

LCL

medial collateral ligament

MCL

muscular dystrophy

MD

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

NSAID

orthopedics

Ortho

pulse

P

Physical Thearpy

PT

posterior cruciate ligament

PCL

Range of Motion

ROM

Total Hip Replacement

THR

Total Knee Replacement

TKR

ulnar collateral ligament

UCL