the kidneys

renal artery

blood vessels which carry blood at high pressure to the kidneys

ureter

tubes which carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder

urethra

tubes which carry urine from the bladder out of the body

nephron

microscopic tubules surrounded by capillaries which make up kindneys

cortex

the brownish red outer layer of tissue in each kidney

medulla

the pink layer of tissue towards the centre of each kidney

pelvis

the funnel shaped end of the ureter at the centre of each kidney

glomeurus

the knot of capillaries located inside bowman’s capsule of each nephron

ultra hyper filtration

process which takes place in the glomerulus and bowman’s capsule

PCT

part of the nephron where 85% of the filtrate is absorbed into blood capillaries

loop of henle

part of the nephron which creates a high concentration of salt in the tissues of the medulla

DCT

part of the nephron which has a role in regulating bloody pressure

osmosis

process by which water moves from the collecting ducts into the medulla and capillaries

aquaporins

special protein lined water channels in the membranes of cells making up the collecting ducts

osmoreceptors

special receptors which are stimulated by changes in the osmolarity of the blood

hypothalamus

location of osmoreceptors in the human body

pituitary

glad which released the hormone ADH when water content of the bloody is too low

aldosterone

hormone which stimulates the DCT to actively transport the more NA+ into the blood stream

adrenal

gland which secretes a hormone in response to low blood pressure

diabetes

a condition where glucose is found in the urine