Waves in air ,fluids and solids

What are the two types of Waves

Transverse and longitudinal

What is a transverse wave?

A wave for which the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

What is a longitudinal wave?

A wave for which the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer

Give two examples of transverse waves

electromagnetic waves

S-Seismic waves

Give two examples of longitudinal waves

Sound waves

Seismic P-waves

What are two parts of a longitudinal wave called?

Compressions

Rarefactions

Definition of amplitude

Maximum displacement of a point on a wave from its undisturbed position

What is wavelength?

The distance from a point on a wave to the same position on the adjacent wave

Definition of frequency

Number of waves that pass a given point each second

Units for frequency

Hz

Units for wavelength

M

Units for wave speed

M/s

What is the human hearing range?

20hz-20000hz

What is wave speed?

The speed at which the wave moves or at which energy is transferred through a medium

What does a wave transfer

Energy and information

Equation to calculate wave speed

Wave speed =frequency * wavelength

What word describes when a wave bounces of surface?

Reflection

How do soundwaves travel through a solid?

The particles in the solid vibrate and transfer kinetic energy through the material

What are ultrasound waves?

Waves with frequencies above 20 kHz

What are ultrasound waves used for?

medical and industrials imaging

What natural event causes seismic waves?

Earthquakes

What types of seismic waves are produced?

P waves

S waves

Difference between P waves and S waves

P-waves are called primary waves as they arrive the quickest

S waves are the fastest

P-waves travel through both solids and liquids

As waves only travel through solids

What technique is used to detect objects in deep water and measure water depth?

Echo sounding

High frequency soundwaves are admitted, reflected and detected

The waves speed formula is used to detect distance