What do you give to shift potassium back into cells?
Give dextrose, insulin, and calcium to shift potassium back in cells
What foods to restrict?
bananas, citrus, dairy
1/32
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
What do you give to shift potassium back into cells?
Give dextrose, insulin, and calcium to shift potassium back in cells
What foods to restrict?
bananas, citrus, dairy
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity: CANDLE
C: chemo, contrast dye
A: ARBs, ampohercin B, antibiotics, ACE inhibitors
N: NSAIDS
D diuretics
L: lithium
E: omEprazole
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
90% of nephrons destroyed, decrease in glomerular filtration rate for more than 3 months
Hemodialysis complications
SOB between treatments (fluid accumulation)
Electrolyte and fluid imbalances
Dialysis disequilibrium (cerebral fluid shift) - CNS symptoms
Peritoneal dialysis complications
Peritonitis
Hernias
Hemorrhoids
Leakage
Bleeding
Transplant rejection
Labs, oliguria, edema, fever, increased BP, weight gain, swelling/tenderness over transplant
Bone disease and metastatic calcification
Calcium salts build up in soft tissues
How to treat anemia?
give EPO
Creatinine is…
The end product of protein metabolism
KUB: Kidney-Ureter-Bladder X-ray
Great for constipation
Cystoscopy
Bladder scope via catheter to see bladder + lower urinary tract
Renal angiography
Dye injected directly into renal artery via femoral cath to assess kidney blood flow
Normal urinalysis
pH 5-9
Specific Gravity 1.001 - 1.035
Protein <20mg/dl
Uribilinogen <1mg/dl
Nitrates
reliable sign of UTI
Usual suspects of UTIs
E. coli, staph A, strep
pyridium
Pyridium OTC to soothe urinary tract mucosa
Analgesic
primary vs. secondary Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
Can be primary (congenital) or secondary (due to scarring from multiple UTIs or chronic delayed emptying)
Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) Tx
-Tx for chronic reflux
Conservative Treatment/Watch & wait: spontaneous resolution likely by age 5
OR
Surgery: Ureteral reimplantation
Deflux
Continuous Prophylactic Antibiotics (CPA)
IV antibiotics
APSGN
-cause
-S&S
-Tx
-autoimmune reaction, inflammation of glomeruli
-coca-cola urine
-facial and preorbital edema
-S&S of systemic disorder
-HTN meds
Orchiopexy
a surgical procedure that moves an undescended testicle into the scrotum
chordee
-ventral curvature of penis
-Hypospadias
Sever’s disease
Ankle pain, growth plate on calcaneus
Sinding-Larssen-Johansson
Growth plate pulled off of patella at the bottom of the knee cap
Barlow test
Pushing backwards to try to dislocate hip
It's performed by gently guiding the infant's hip into adduction while applying slight downward pressure over the knee with the thumb
Ortolani test
Abducting the hips to try to relocate hip
Fingers push femur forwards into acetabulum
Talipes Equinovarus (TEV)
-pain?
-who is it more common in?
-types: most common
clubfoot
-painless
-more males
-family links
-Congenital*: most common type; usually treated with casting and bracing
Ponseti method
/serial casting
Casting first…then surgery (tenotomy)... then boots and bar
Tenotomy: a surgical procedure that involves dividing a tendon to treat pain or other issues
Metatarsus adductus tx
usually resolves on its own, stretching and massage, serial casting and special shoes
cream for burns
Bacitracin (antibiotic) cream
lice treatment
-what are eggs called?
permethrin 1% lotion or shampoo as it kills the lice and eggs
-nits
Scabies
-what are they?
-sx
-dx
-tx
-Norweigan: who’s at risk?
-mites
-itchy at night, especially between skin folds
-dx: skin scraping
-Treatment: apply topical scabicide cream over the entire body (leave on for 8-14hr, repeat in 1 week)
-Crusted (Norwegian) Scabies - common with people with compromised immune systems, older patients, and those living in close quarters.
Contagious!! -> can have up to 1000 of mites.
Barrier Precautions and Isolation