HIV/AIDS

HIV

this is a retrovirus that attacks the immune system by binding with CD4 helper cells

HIV 1

out of the two types of HIV, _______ is the most wide-spread and common worldwide

13-64 (HIV ages)

routine HIV testing should occur for ALL patients ______

opt-out screening

when offering HIV testing to patients, this should be given to ALL patients as it can reduce the stigma of testing, reduces transmission, improves patient outcomes, etc.

AIDS

this a disease characterized by opportunistic infections that take advantage of the body's immunocompromised state

HIV positive and CD4 count <200

these are the two things a patient must obtain in order to be diagnosed with AIDS

CD4 count

this is the laboratory test (can be used in the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS) that measures the state of a person's immune function; if this is below a certain level then PrEP should be given to prevent infection

Viral load

this is a PCR test that quantifies HIV RNA and detects the amount of virus present; for those already diagnosed this monitors the effectiveness of ART; this is measured by HIV-1 RNA PCR

undetectable viral load (HIV)

When viral load is reduced to ________ levels, it means that there is ZERO risk of transmitting HIV to a noninfected sexual partner

Antiretroviral therapy (ART)

the goal of this therapy in HIV/AIDS patients is to have an UNDETECTABLE viral load

HIV/AIDS Tx

these diseases are treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) regardless of CD4 count if they have a positive test

Acute Retroviral Syndrome (ARS)

this is usually the first stage of an HIV infection that can be mistaken for influenza, mono., or other viral infections--> some of these individuals are asymptomatic; during this, the viral load is VERY high meaning it is HIGHLY infectious

U=U

this means that undetectable = untransmittable

HIV (affected populations)

the populations most affected by this include:

- Gay and bisexual men

- African American men

- Other "vulnerable" populations

PCP prophylaxis with Bactrim DS

this is recommended to be given to all individuals with HIV with CD4<200

PrEP education

this should be given/offered to all sexually active adults/adolescents and individuals at substantial risk for HIV acquisition

7 days of oral CAB

overlapping the first injectable IM dose of PrEP with ________ (with F/TDF or F/TAF) is recommended for maximal protection

HIV Ag/Ab

before starting oral PrEP (CAB tablets), a provider should confirm someone is HIV with ________

Cabotegravir (CABA)

this is the newest PrEP medication that is given IM every two months--> this is highly effective and superior to oral PrEP

Doxycycline

this also known as ______-PEP and should be considered for increased risk patients who have had STIs