Layers of the Skin

Epidermis

• outermost layer

• protects against fungus, bacteria, and viruses

• senses, used to water-proof internal organs

• protects against UV rays through melanin

• layers of the epidermis

  • stratum corneum

  • stratum lucidem

    • only in thick parts of the skin, eg. hands, feet

  • stratum granulosum

  • stratum spinosum

  • stratum basale

Dermis

• sense of touch

• regulation of body temperature

  • oil, hair production

• immune responses

Subcutaneous Layer

• insulation

• shock absorption — protects internal organs

Burns

First-Degree Burns

• penetrate the epidermis

• pain and reddening

• can be treated with over the counter pain relievers, aloe vera cream, and antibiotic ointments with loose gauze

Second-Degree Burns

• penetrate the epidermis and the dermis

• pain, reddening, swelling, and blistering

• same treatment as first degree if mild; should be treated as third-degree if severe

Third-Degree Burns

• penetrate the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers

• white, blackened, and charred skin

• numbness

• complications include infection, shock, hypothermia, and blood loss

• need immediate attention by a medical professional

• treatment options

  • IV fluids

  • skin grafting

  • epiburn

  • ibuprofen

  • antibiotics and pain medication

  • high-protein diet

  • breathing support

  • reconstructive strategy

  • escharatomy

  • counseling/therapy (mental repercussions)