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The Integumentary System

Layers of the Skin

Epidermis

  • outermost layer
  • protects against fungus, bacteria, and viruses
  • senses, used to water-proof internal organs
  • protects against UV rays through melanin
  • layers of the epidermis
    • stratum corneum
    • stratum lucidem
    • only in thick parts of the skin, eg. hands, feet
    • stratum granulosum
    • stratum spinosum
    • stratum basale

Dermis

  • sense of touch
  • regulation of body temperature
    • oil, hair production
  • immune responses

Subcutaneous Layer

  • insulation
  • shock absorption — protects internal organs

Burns

First-Degree Burns

  • penetrate the epidermis

  • pain and reddening

  • can be treated with over the counter pain relievers, aloe vera cream, and antibiotic ointments with loose gauze

Second-Degree Burns

  • penetrate the epidermis and the dermis
  • pain, reddening, swelling, and blistering
  • same treatment as first degree if mild; should be treated as third-degree if severe

Third-Degree Burns

  • penetrate the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers
  • white, blackened, and charred skin
  • numbness
  • complications include infection, shock, hypothermia, and blood loss
  • need immediate attention by a medical professional
  • treatment options
    • IV fluids
    • skin grafting
    • epiburn
    • ibuprofen
    • antibiotics and pain medication
    • high-protein diet
    • breathing support
    • reconstructive strategy
    • escharatomy
    • counseling/therapy (mental repercussions)