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The Integumentary System

Layers of the Skin

Epidermis

  • outermost layer

  • protects against fungus, bacteria, and viruses

  • senses, used to water-proof internal organs

  • protects against UV rays through melanin

  • layers of the epidermis

    • stratum corneum

    • stratum lucidem

      • only in thick parts of the skin, eg. hands, feet

    • stratum granulosum

    • stratum spinosum

    • stratum basale

Dermis

  • sense of touch

  • regulation of body temperature

    • oil, hair production

  • immune responses

Subcutaneous Layer

  • insulation

  • shock absorption — protects internal organs

Burns

First-Degree Burns

  • penetrate the epidermis

  • pain and reddening

  • can be treated with over the counter pain relievers, aloe vera cream, and antibiotic ointments with loose gauze

Second-Degree Burns

  • penetrate the epidermis and the dermis

  • pain, reddening, swelling, and blistering

  • same treatment as first degree if mild; should be treated as third-degree if severe

Third-Degree Burns

  • penetrate the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers

  • white, blackened, and charred skin

  • numbness

  • complications include infection, shock, hypothermia, and blood loss

  • need immediate attention by a medical professional

  • treatment options

    • IV fluids

    • skin grafting

    • epiburn

    • ibuprofen

    • antibiotics and pain medication

    • high-protein diet

    • breathing support

    • reconstructive strategy

    • escharatomy

    • counseling/therapy (mental repercussions)

The Integumentary System

Layers of the Skin

Epidermis

  • outermost layer

  • protects against fungus, bacteria, and viruses

  • senses, used to water-proof internal organs

  • protects against UV rays through melanin

  • layers of the epidermis

    • stratum corneum

    • stratum lucidem

      • only in thick parts of the skin, eg. hands, feet

    • stratum granulosum

    • stratum spinosum

    • stratum basale

Dermis

  • sense of touch

  • regulation of body temperature

    • oil, hair production

  • immune responses

Subcutaneous Layer

  • insulation

  • shock absorption — protects internal organs

Burns

First-Degree Burns

  • penetrate the epidermis

  • pain and reddening

  • can be treated with over the counter pain relievers, aloe vera cream, and antibiotic ointments with loose gauze

Second-Degree Burns

  • penetrate the epidermis and the dermis

  • pain, reddening, swelling, and blistering

  • same treatment as first degree if mild; should be treated as third-degree if severe

Third-Degree Burns

  • penetrate the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers

  • white, blackened, and charred skin

  • numbness

  • complications include infection, shock, hypothermia, and blood loss

  • need immediate attention by a medical professional

  • treatment options

    • IV fluids

    • skin grafting

    • epiburn

    • ibuprofen

    • antibiotics and pain medication

    • high-protein diet

    • breathing support

    • reconstructive strategy

    • escharatomy

    • counseling/therapy (mental repercussions)

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