Unit 3: Period 3: 1754 - 1800

Social Contract

the concept of an agreement among people to form a government to promote liberty and equality.

Alexander Hamilton

presented a plan to make US finances stable through industrial lens

Pontiacs rebellion

armed conflict between the British Empire + Native tribes following 7 years of war to drive the British out.

Office Holding

held to higher property qualifications than voters.

Treaty of Greenville

Natives surrender claims to Ohio territory + open it up to settlement.

John Dickinson

drafted 1st constitution

Daughters of Liberty

organized to oppose British actions.

Common Sense

argued that colonies should become independent states + break all political ties with the British monarchy.

Rationalism

________: the belief that life should be based on reason and logic than emotions or religious beliefs.

Quartering Act

required colonists to house british soldiers

Thomas Jefferson

wrote the draft of the Declaration of Independence.

Stamp Act

taxed newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, broadsides, legal documents, dice, and playing cards.

Economic role

maintained colonial society+ and provided food + clothing necessary for the war effort.

Port act

closed the port of Boston prohibiting trade.

Proclamation of 1763

British prohibited settlement past the imaginary line of the Appalachian Mountains to help Natives.

Gaspee

The first major armed act of rebellion against the British crown.

Sugar Act

place duties on foreign sugar + certain luxuries → raise money for crown.

Massachusetts Government Act

reduced power of the MA legislature + more power to the royal governor.

New Jersey Plan

favored small states, every state had equal votes.

Virginia plan

Representation based on population.

Institution of slavery

contradicted the spirit of the revolutionary war.

Administration of Justice Act

Royal officials accused of crimes to be tried in Great Britain.

Federalists

went to various states to try to persuade people to ratify the constitution.

Pontiacs rebellion

armed conflict between British Empire + Native tribes following 7 years war to drive the British out

Sugar Act

place duties on foreign sugar + certain luxuries → raise money for crown

Quartering Act

required colonists to house British soldiers

Stamp Act

taxed newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, broadsides, legal documents, dice, and playing cards

Declaratory Act

reaffirming Parliaments right "to bind" the colonies "in all cases whatsoever."

Townshend Acts

import taxes on glass, lead, paper, paint, tea

Loyalists

would not challenge the kings government in any way

Virginia plan

Representation based on population

New Jersey Plan

favored small states, every state had equal votes

Federalists

went to various states to try to persuade people to ratify the constitution

Anti-Federalists

went to states trying to persuade them to not ratify the constitution

7 years war

allowed britain to gain control over north america and marked the end of salutary neglect

Intolerable acts

strict acts passed by britain after the boston tea party

Declaration of independence

aimed to justify independence + listed grievances against King G. III + aimed to gather support among colonists + obtain aid from foreign countries

Patriots

supported colonistist independence

loyalists

wanted to stay loyal to britian

Republican Motherhood

called for educating women so that in the home they could teach children the values of the new republic and +their roles as citizens

Separation of powers

1. legislative powers to an elected 2 house legislature
2. executive powers to elect a governor
3. judicial powers to the system of courts

Articles of Confederation

1st constitution of US + federal government had way to little power

Shay’s rebellion

pushed framers to address AoC weaknesses + seeking to lower taxes and property foreclosures

3/5ths Compromise

Slaves would be counted as ⅗ths  of a person when deciding representation

Bill of Rights

list of unalienable rights given to the people of america

Washington’s Farewell Address

Warned against political parties

No “permanent allainces”

Favored “temporary alliance” for “extraordinary emergencies”

2 term precedent for Presidents

xyz affair

the incident between French + US → XYZ ministers requested bribes to enter for negotiation (Adams sought a peaceful settlement to negotiate ship seizing)

Alien laws

raised citizen requirements to 14 years of age + deported dangerous foreigners in times of peace

Sedition law

political move to end Jeffersonian opposition + made defaming gov illegal (1st amendment)

Kentucky + Virginia Resolutions

condemned the Alien and Sedition Acts as unconstitutional

claimed that because these acts overstepped federal authority under the Constitution, they were null and void.

Northwest Ordinance

defined ownership of how the Northwest Territory would be legally transferred from the federal government to states and individual landowners.

Indian Intercourse Act

Federal government in control of all legal actions with natives