ML 8: Beta Blockers and ARBs

Beta Blockers,

-Block beta receptors (found in the heart blood vessels and airways)

-Reducing heart rate and blood pressure (vasodilation).

-Caution: Do not use in patients with Asthma could lead to bronchoconstriction (closing of airways);

Common Suffix of Beta Blockers,

-olol;

Side effects of beta blockers,

Bradycardia (slow heart rate)

Impotence (sexual dysfunction)

Dyslipidemia (abnormal lipid level in blood)

Worsening of COPD/Asthma due to bronchospasm Hypotension (decrease in blood pressure)

Cold extremities

May mask symptoms of hypoglycemia in diabetics;

Indication for Beta Blockers,

Hypertension (high blood pressure)

Angina (chest pain)

Heart failure (where the heart is weak and cannot pump enough blood to meet the demands of the body);

Tenormin,

Atenolol

Indication: Hypertension

Classification: Beta 1 Blocker;

Lopressor,

Metoprolol

Indication: Hypertension

Heart Failure

Classification: Beta 1 Blocker;

Inderal,

Propranolol

Indication: Hypertension

Angina

Migraine

Performance Anxiety ("Stage Fright")

Tremor

Arrhythmia (abnormal heartbeat)

Classification: Nonselective Beta Blocker (Beta 1 and Beta 2 Blocker);

Coreg,

Carvedilol

Indication: Heart Failure

Hypertension

Classification: Beta 1 and Alpha 1 Blocker;

Zebeta,

Bisoprolol

Indication: Hypertension

Classification: Beta 1 Blocker;

ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers) Mechanism of Action (MOA) :

Block angiotensin II receptors leading to vasodilation (opening blood vessels).;

Common Suffix of A2RBs,

-sartan;

Side effects of A2RBs,

Headaches

Dizziness

Nasal congestion

Angioedema (facial and lip swelling)

Hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels in the blood).;

Indication for A2RBs,

-HTN (hypertension)

-CHF (congestive heart failure)

-Diabetic nephropathy - kidney disease in diabetic;

Cozaar,

Losartan

Indication: Hypertension

Classification: A2RB;

Diovan,

Valsartan

Indication: Antihypertensive

Classification: ARB ;

Micardis,

Generic: Telmisartan

Drug Class: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (A2RB)

Indication: Hypertension;

Benicar,

Olmesartan: Antihypertensive-ARB;

Avapro,

Irbesartan - Antihypertensive - ARB;

qam,

Every morning;

qpm or QPM,

Every evening;

QD or qd,

Every day

Mistaken as "qid" especially if the period after the "q" or the tail of the "q" is misunderstood as an "i"

Use "daily";

bid,

Twice a day (every 12 hours);

tid,

three times a day (every 8 hours);

qid,

four times a day (every 6 hours);

qhs,

every night at bedtime or hour of sleep;

qod,

Every other day;

PRN or prn,

As needed;

STAT,

immediately or now;

ac,

before meals;

pc,

after meals;