NUR3171-Adult Nursing (Exam #1 Review)

What an RN cannot delegate?

-Nothing in the ADPIE

(Nothing with teaching monitoring, nursing diagnosis)

What can be done by an LPN?

-Vital signs, start IV's, give oral meds, etc.

What tasks can UAPs do?

-Input and output, cleaning patient

If you delegate a task to a UAP a long time ago and it wasn't done, what would you do?

-Do it yourself and document it

A patient with Aplastic anemia is at risk for what?

-Low RBCs (red blood count) risk for anemia

-Low WBCs (white blood count) risk for infection

-Low platelets (thrombocytopenia) risk for bleeding

What causes vitamin B12 deficiency?

-Gastric bypass, vegetarian

What is lacking in B12 deficiency?

-Intrinsic factor

What is vitamin B12 deficiency?

-Lack of B12

What is polycythemia?

-Opposite of aplastic anemia

excessive RBCs, WBCs and platelets (teach them to use soft bristle tooth brush. Give them diuretics and drink a lot of water to dilute the blood

(Patient will have reddish complexion on their skin)

What are the signs and symptoms of anaphylactic blood transfusion reaction?

-Itchiness, redness, lower back pain

What specific type of continuous infusion can be hung with PRBCs?

-Normal saline

When the two RNs are checking for patients' safety BEFORE surgery what are they checking for?

-Blood product, patient name, ABO- Group, RH type, ID blood band, Hospital #, expiration date

If your patient is receiving blood and they started to have shortness of breath and distended neck veins, what type of reaction is this?

-TACO (transfusion associated circulatory overload) stop the transfusion

What is the correct sequence of order you must do if the patient experiences a blood transfusion reaction?

-Stop the transfusion, assess patient (set of vitals), notify HCP, notify blood bank, send blood back to blood bank

What type of chronic conditions would put patients at risk for experiencing TACO?

-CHF (congestive heart failure), pulmonary edema, renal disease patients

What are diagnostic tests and labs a doctor will order if patient has fever?

-CBC, urine culture, sputum analysis

What happens to the body if your WBC (white blood count) is too high or too low?

-Low= infection

-High= immunosuppressant disease

What is remission in oncology patients?

-The cancer is dormant, but it is not gone (patient still needs to do checkups with the doctor)

What is multiple Myoma?

-A cancer that forms in a type of white blood cell called plasma cell; cancerous plasma builds up in the bone marrow (it affects the B lymphocytes, 5 year survival rate, elevated protein, no cure)

What are signs and symptoms of multiple Myoma?

-Back pain, renal failure, bone marrow

(Patient needs chemotherapy, radiation and fall per caution)

If an oncology patient has fever at home, what would instruct them to do?

-Notify the healthcare provider, take acetaminophen

How do you take care of a patient that is radioactive?

-Stay 6 feet apart

If the peripheral IV becomes infiltrated or infected, what do you do as a nurse?

-Take it out and assess

What types of patients will need a bone marrow transplant?

-Patients with Aplastic anemia

How do you know if the bone marrow transplant worked and was successful?

-Compare before and after labs (RBCs, WBCs, and platelets)

After any surgical procedure what are most patients going to complain about?

-Pain

What is ablative surgery?

-A minimally invasive procedure doctors use to destroy abnormal tissue

What is reconstructive surgery?

-A procedure that restores your body after an injury, after a disease, or it corrects defects you were born with

Preoperative surgery- What are some questions that will be important to ask a female patient?

-Possible pregnancies, previous pregnancies, and menstrual cycle

Which type of medications is very important a doctor need to make sure is on hold before a patient goes down to surgery?

-Blood thinners (Aspirin)

What are some of the things to do with patient to prevent postoperatively surgical complications?

-Incentive spirometer, pillow under incision, turn patient, compression socks (SCV), ambulation, pain meds

Which type of patients are at high risk of complications after surgery?

-Geriatric patients (old), obese, smokers

What is thrombocytopenia?

-Low platelet count

What is heparin induced thrombocytopenia?

-Heparin is causing to make the platelet count low

A patient with untreated anemia is at risk for what?

-Aplastic anemia, heart failure, angina, COPD, fall risk

What is the normal WBC?

-5,000-10,000

What is the normal RBC?

5

What is the normal platelets?

-150,000-400,000

What is considered thrombocytopenia?

-Less than 150,000