Matter In Our Surroundings

Flashcards covering the topic of Matter in Our Surroundings, including its physical nature, characteristics of particles, states of matter, and the effects of temperature and pressure.

Matter

Anything in the universe that occupies space and has mass.

Panch Tatva

The classification of matter by early Indian philosophers into five basic elements: air, earth, fire, sky, and water.

Physical Nature of Matter

Matter is made up of particles with space between them.

Small Particles of Matter

Particles of matter that are very small and numerous.

Diffusion

The property of matter where particles intermix on their own, especially enhanced by heating.

Force of Attraction

The force that keeps particles of matter together, varying in strength among different kinds of matter.

States of Matter

Solid, liquid, and gas; states of matter arising from variations in the characteristics of particles.

Solid State

Having a definite shape, distinct boundaries, and a fixed volume; resists compression and maintains shape.

Liquid State

Lacking a fixed shape but having a fixed volume; flows and takes the shape of its container.

Gaseous State

Highly compressible with particles moving randomly at high speed; fills available space and exerts pressure on container walls.

Melting Point

The temperature at which a solid melts to become a liquid at atmospheric pressure.

Fusion

The change of a solid state into a liquid state.

Latent Heat

Heat energy absorbed without a rise in temperature during melting or boiling; hidden heat.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid starts boiling at atmospheric pressure.

Sublimation

The direct change of a solid to a gas without becoming a liquid.

Deposition

The direct change of a gas to a solid without becoming a liquid.

Evaporation

Phenomenon of liquid changing into vapours at any temperature below its boiling point

Latent heat of vaporisation

Heat energy required to change 1 kg of a liquid to gas at atmospheric pressure at its boiling point

Latent heat of fusion

Heat energy required to change 1 kg of solid into liquid at its melting point