Biology - Plants

Plant Tissues

Structure and Function correlated in xylem of plants

• Meristematic Tissue System = Undifferentiated embryonic plant tissue. Makes up meristem, areas where new cells rapidly produced by mitosis

• Vascular Tissue System = Internal tube system that transports water, minerals and other substances

• Also has dermal (protective outer layer) and ground tissue (internal and external material)

Photosynthesis Formula

6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

in presence of sunlight energy

Photosynthesis: where?

In the chloroplasts of leaves! Theres the inner, out and thylakoid membrane, with chlorophyll in thylakoid. Process of plants making their own nutrients.

Meristematic Tissue: the 2 types

• apical meristem = primary growth (length)

  • terminal bud of stem and root tip

  • occurs in herbaceous stems and roots

• lateral meristem = secondary growth (circumference)

  • cork cambium - within bark of plant, produces cork cells of outer bark

  • vascular cambium - btwn xylem and phloem, produces secondary vascular tissue (inside = secondary xylem, outside = secondary phloem)

  • occurs in dicotyledonous (woody) plants

Vascular Tissue: the 2 types

• Xylem = transports water and minerals UP from roots to leaves

• Phloem = transports sugars and amino acids made by photosynthesis UP AND DOWN to parts of plant that need it

Organ system: Root system

Below ground

Roots - anchor plants, absorb water and minerals from soil, store nutrients

Organ System: Shoot System

Above ground

Stem - support leaves and fruits, contain vascular bundle (transport water & sugars through plant), make flowers (reproduction!)

Leaves - Photosynthesis! Also structural support, protection and attract pollinators (reproduction)

Root Anatomy

root cap - protect growing tissues as root extends through soil or more resistant material

root (apical) mersitem - newly dividing cells

zone of elongation - root cells elongate

zone of maturation - root cells mature

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