Progressivism

Progressivism

The movement in the late 1800s to increase democracy in America by curbing the power of the corporation. It fought to end corruption in government and business, and worked to bring equal rights of women and other groups that had been left behind during the industrial revolution.

muckraker

a journalist who uncovers abuses and corruption in a society

Ida Tarbell

A leading muckraker and magazine editor, she exposed the corruption of the oil industry with her 1904 work A History of Standard Oil.

Ida B. Wells

African American journalist. published statistics about lynching, urged African Americans to protest by refusing to ride streetcars or shop in white owned stores

Jacob Riis

A Danish immigrant, he became a reporter who pointed out the terrible conditions of the tenement houses of the big cities where immigrants lived during the late 1800s. He wrote How The Other Half Lives in 1890.

Lewis Hine

muckraker who took pictures of child laborers to expose how bad child labor was

Direct Primary

A primary where voters directly select the candidates who will run for office

Initiative

people have the right to propose a new law.

Referendum

A state-level method of direct legislation that gives voters a chance to approve or disapprove proposed legislation or a proposed constitutional amendment.

recall

procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office before the end of their term.

16th Amendment (1913)

Congress is given the power to tax incomes

17th Amendment (1913)

Direct election of senators

Temperance Movement

campaign to limit or ban the use of alcoholic beverages

Prohibition

A law forbidding the sale of alcoholic beverages

18th Amendment

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

Suffrage

the right to vote

19th Amendment (1920)

Gave women the right to vote

Susan B. Anthony

social reformer who campaigned for womens rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Assosiation

Carrie Chapman Catt

Conservative leader of the NAWSA from 1915 - 1920 and pushed the suffrage movement nation-wide.

Alice Paul

A suffragette who believed that giving women the right to vote would eliminate the corruption in politics.

Socialism

A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production in some or all industries.

Eugene V. Debs

Head of the American Railway Union and director of the Pullman strike; he was imprisoned along with his associates for ignoring a federal court injunction to stop striking. While in prison, he read Socialist literature and emerged as a Socialist leader in America.

Theodore Roosevelt

26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, "Square Deal,"

Square Deal

Economic policy by Roosevelt that favored fair relationships between companies and workers

Upton Sinclair

muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things Sinclair had seen.

conservation

Protecting and preserving natural resources and the environment

John Muir

(1838-1914) Naturalist who believed the wilderness should be preserved in its natural state. He was largely responsible for the creation of Yosemite National Park in California.

W.H. Taft

27th President of the United States of America, 1909-1913; continued progressive reforms of President Theodore Roosevelt

Woodrow Wilson

28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly),

New Freedom

Democrat Woodrow Wilson's political slogan in the presidential campaign of 1912; Wilson wanted to improve the banking system, lower tariffs, and, by breaking up monopolies, give small businesses freedom to compete.

New Nationalism

Roosevelt's progressive political policy that favored heavy government intervention in order to assure social justice

Federal Reserve Act

a 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

a federal agency empowered to prevent persons or corporations from using unfair methods of competition in commerce

unfair trade practices

trading practices that derive a gain at the expense of competition

zoning laws

laws in a city or town that designate certain areas, or zones, for residential and business use

building codes

a set of rules that specify the minimum acceptable level of safety for constructed facilities

Election of 1912

Presidential campaign involving Taft, T. Roosevelt, and Woodrow Wilson. Taft and Roosevelt split the Republican vote, enabling Wilson to win

Progressive Party

Also known as the "Bull Moose Party", this political party was formed by Theodore Roosevelt in an attempt to advance progressive ideas and unseat President William Howard Taft in the election of 1912. After Taft won the Republican Party's nomination, Roosevelt ran on the Progressive party ticket.