Organic Chemsitry Flashcards

Alkane

Example: Butane

Alkene

General name: alk-x-ene

Example name: but-1-ene

Alcohol

Functional group name: hydroxyl

General name: alkan-x-ol

Example name: propan-1-ol

Ether

Functional group name: alkoxy

General name: alkoxyalkane

Example name: methoxyethane

Aldehyde (always goes on end of chain)

Functional group name: carbonyl

General name: alkanal

Example name: propanal

Ketone (can go in center)

Functional group name: carbonyl

General name: alkan-x-one

Example name: pentan-2-one

Carboxylic Acid

Functional group name: carboxyl

General name: alkanoic acid

Example name: proponic acid

Halogenoalkane

Functional group name: halogeno (fluro/chloro/bromo/iodo)

General name: x-haloalkane

Example Name: 2-bromobutane

Amine

Functional group name: amino

General name: a-aminoalkane

Example name: 1-propanamine

Ester

Functional group name: ester

General name: alkyl alkanoate

Example name: methyl propanoate

Amide

Functional group name: amido

General name: alkanamide

Example name: propanamide

Homologous Series

A homologous series of compounds that have the same functional group. Each member differs from the next by a common structural unit (usually -CH₂-)

Functional Group

A functional group is the atom or group of atoms in a molecule thatgives it its charactaristics chemical properties - this is the reactive part of a molecule. A functional group also influences the physical properties of a compound.