Exam 2 Study Guide

A collection of key terms and definitions related to asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, pulmonary edema, and associated pathologies.

Extrinsic asthma

Asthma triggered by external factors such as allergens.

Intrinsic asthma

Asthma that occurs without identifiable external triggers, often associated with internal factors like stress or illness.

Beta 2 agonists

Medications that relax the muscles of the airways, used for the treatment of asthma.

ABG values

Arterial Blood Gas values, expected to be abnormal during an asthma exacerbation.

Peak flow

A measure of how well air moves out of the lungs, used for asthma monitoring.

Bronchial provocation tests

Tests that assess airway hyperresponsiveness, confirming asthma diagnosis.

A1-antitrypsin deficiency

A genetic condition that can lead to lung disease, particularly emphysema.

Chronic bronchitis

A form of COPD characterized by chronic cough and mucous production.

Emphysema

A type of COPD marked by damage to the alveoli, leading to decreased gas exchange.

Spirometry

A common test used to assess lung function in diagnosing COPD.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A bacteria commonly associated with infections in cystic fibrosis patients.

Flail chest

A condition resulting from multiple rib fractures causing a segment of the chest wall to move independently.

Pneumothorax

A condition where air collects in the pleural space, causing lung collapse.

Pendelluft

A mechanism of air movement between different areas of the lung.

Pulmonary HTN

Pulmonary hypertension refers to elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries.

Tuberculoma

A granulomatous lesion in the lungs caused by tuberculosis.