Chemistry Reaction Prediction Exceptions

Decomposition: Metal chlorates form what?

Metal chlorides + Oxygen

Decomposition: Metal nitrates form what?

Metal nitrites+ Oxygen

Decomposition: Metal carbonates form what?

Metal oxides + Carbon dioxide

Decomposition: Metal hydroxides form what?

Metal oxides + water

Decomposition: Acids decompose to form what?

Water + Nonmetal oxide

Decomposition: Ammonium compounds decompose to form what?

Ammonia + Water

Decomposition: Hydrated salts decompose to form what?

Salt+ Water

Decomposition: Metal peroxides decompose to form what?

Metal oxides plus Oxygen

Synthesis: the higher oxidation number is used for what elements?

As, Sn, Fe, Hg, Cu, Cr (As Stan Fell, Huge Cups Cracked)

Synthesis: Metal oxides plus water form what?

Metal hydroxides

Synthesis: Nonmetal oxides plus water forms what?

acids

Synthesis: Metal oxides plus nonmetal oxides form what?

salts

SR: How would you use the activity series?

If the metal with higher reaction is alone, you swap that with the other metal. If the metal with lower reaction is alone, there is no reaction

The very reactive members of Groups 1 and 2 react with water to produce what?

hydrogen and the metal hydroxide (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba)

S.R: The higher oxidation number is used for which elements?

As, Sn, Fe, Hg, Cu, Cr

S.R: The lower oxidation number is used for what elements?

Co, Ni, Mn, Pb, Sb, and Bi

D.R: If no precipitate is formed in a double replacement what reaction is formed?

no reaction

D.R: If an acid mixes with a carbonate, what does it form?

salt plus water plus carbon dioxide

D.R: What is neutralization?

Special type of reaction where an acid plus base results in water and salt

D.R: what does H₂CO₃ decompose to?

Water + CO₂

D.R: What does H₂SO decompose to?

Water + SO₂

D.R: What does NH₄OH decompose to?

Water + NH₃

C: this reaction involves what compounds?

hydrocarbons

General form of Decomposition

AB → A + B

Synthesis general form

A + B → AB

Single Replacement general form

A + BC → AC + B

Double replacement general form

AB + CD → AD + CB

Combustion general form

C_xH_y+O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

Molecular equation

Equation showing reactants and products as compounds

Total/complete ionic equation

Shows strong electrolytes as individual ions while all solids, liquids, gases, and weak electrolytes remain intact as compounds

spectator ions

ions that do not form solids, liquids, gases, weak electrolytes. They appear on both sides of TIE

Net Ionic Equations

Shows only solids, liquids, gases, weak electrolytes. Excludes spectator ions

Dissociation

refers to a chemical reaction in which a molecule or compound breaks into smaller pieces, such as ions, atoms, or radicals.