Advanced Nail Care – Anatomy & Physiology Essentials

Vocabulary flashcards covering metabolic processes, tissues, body systems, key organs, and professional considerations relevant to advanced nail care.

Anabolism

Constructive phase of metabolism in which smaller molecules combine to build larger, more complex ones.

Catabolism

Phase of metabolism in which complex molecules are broken down into smaller, simpler ones inside cells.

Connective Tissue

Fibrous tissue that binds together, protects, and supports body parts.

Muscle Tissue

Tissue capable of contracting to move various parts of the body.

Nerve Tissue

Tissue that carries messages through the central nervous system to coordinate body functions.

Epithelial Tissue

Protective covering on body surfaces such as skin and the lining of organs.

Circulatory System

Body system consisting of the heart, blood, and blood vessels that transports nutrients and oxygen.

Digestive System

Also called the gastrointestinal system; breaks down food into nutrients and waste.

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

Blood cells produced in red bone marrow that carry oxygen via hemoglobin.

Hemoglobin

Iron-containing protein in red blood cells that temporarily binds with oxygen.

Plasma

Fluid part of blood that transports food, useful substances, and CO₂ to and from cells.

Lymphatic/Immune System

System of lymph, nodes, vessels, thymus, and spleen that aids the blood system and defends against disease.

Primary Lymphatic Function

Removal of waste materials from body cells and delivery to the blood.

Endocrine System

Group of specialized glands that regulate growth, development, sexual activities, and overall health.

Adrenal Gland

Endocrine gland that secretes hormones involved in stress response and metabolism.

Pituitary Gland

Master endocrine gland that controls other endocrine glands and many body processes.

Pancreas (Endocrine Role)

Gland that produces insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.

Excretory System

System that purifies the body by eliminating waste and toxins.

Kidneys

Excretory organs that filter blood to produce urine.

Bladder

Muscular sac that stores urine before elimination.

Phalanges

Bones of the fingers or toes; also called digits.

Muscular Tissue Stimulation

Can be activated by dry heat, among other methods.

Supinator

Forearm muscle that rotates the radius outward, turning the palm upward.

Extensors

Muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers into a straight line.

Common Peroneal Nerve

Division of the sciatic nerve serving the lower leg and foot.

Ulnar Nerve

Nerve affecting the little-finger side of the arm and palm of the hand.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Comprises the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves.

Platelets

Tiny blood components that aid in clotting to stop bleeding.

Digestive Enzymes

Chemicals that convert certain foods into forms usable by the body.

Liver

Organ that produces bile and discharges waste products.

Large Intestine

Digestive organ that eliminates decomposed, undigested food.

Poorly Oxygenated Skin

Appears sallow and gray in tone.

Reproductive System

Body system responsible for reproducing and perpetuating the human species.

Client Education

Informing clients increases credibility, eases services, and boosts sales tactics.

Chemistry Knowledge for Nail Techs

Understanding chemicals ensures safe, effective services and professional competence.