World History Chapter 17 BJU 5th ed

Louis XVIII

Who was invited to assume the French throne after Napoleon’s defeat?

France

Which nation was ordered to pay indemnities by the Congress of Vienna?

Greece

Which nation revolted against the Ottoman Empire in 1821?

Spain and Italy

The Quintuple Alliance suppressed revolts against the kings of which two countries?

Belgium

Which nation became independent as a result of the Treaty of London?

Napoleon III

Who proclaimed himself emperor of France in 1851?

Charles X

Which French ruler was forced to leave the country during the July Revolution?

Hungary

The Dual Monarchy made Austria equal partners with what other nation?

Franz Josef I

Who became emperor of Austria in 1848?

The Spanish throne

What was the immediate cause of the Franco-Prussian War?

Nicholas I

Which Russian czar replaced westernization with Russification?

Otto von Bismarck

Who was the architect of German unification?

Alexander II

Which Russian czar abolished serfdom in 1861 and was assassinated in 1881?

Realpolitik

What term means “doing whatever is necessary to advance national goals”?

Wilhelm I

Who was the first emperor of unified Germany?

José de San Martín

Who freed Chile and Peru from Spanish control?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Who bridged the gap between classical and romantic music?

Dom Pedro

Who declared Brazil independent and became its emperor?

James Fenimore Cooper

Which American novelist glorified the “noble savage”?

Lord Castlereagh

British foreign secretary who helped lead the Congress of Vienna and worked to restore balance of power in Europe after Napoleon.

Alexander I

Russian czar who helped defeat Napoleon and supported conservative policies after the Congress of Vienna.

Prince Klemens von Metternich

Austrian statesman who dominated the Congress of Vienna and worked to preserve monarchy and suppress revolution.

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand

French diplomat who represented France at the Congress of Vienna and reduced the punishment placed on France.

Simón Bolívar

Leader who helped win independence for several South American nations from Spain.

José de San Martín

Military leader who helped free Argentina, Chile, and Peru from Spanish rule.

Dom Pedro

Portuguese prince who declared Brazil independent and became its first emperor.

Louis XVIII

Brother of Louis XVI who became king of France after Napoleon’s defeat.

Charles X

French king whose conservative policies led to the July Revolution and his removal from power.

Louis Philippe

King of France placed on the throne after the July Revolution and ruled as a constitutional monarch.

Louis Napoleon

Nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte who became emperor of France as Napoleon III.

Franz Josef I

Emperor of Austria who later ruled Austria-Hungary under the Dual Monarchy.

Nicholas I

Russian czar who enforced autocracy and promoted Russification.

Giuseppe Mazzini

Italian nationalist who promoted republicanism and worked for Italian unification.

Camillo di Cavour

Prime minister of Sardinia who used diplomacy to help unify Italy.

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Revolutionary leader whose military campaigns helped unify Italy.

Victor Emmanuel II

King of Sardinia who became the first king of unified Italy.

Otto von Bismarck

Prussian leader who unified Germany through diplomacy and war using realpolitik.

Alexander II

Russian czar who abolished serfdom in 1861 and was assassinated in 1881.

Ludwig van Beethoven

Composer whose music bridged the classical and romantic periods.

Jacques Louis David

French artist known for neoclassical paintings and support of the French Revolution.

Congress of Vienna

Meeting of European leaders that restored order and redrew borders after Napoleon’s defeat.

Quadruple Alliance

Alliance of Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain formed to maintain peace and suppress revolutions.

Monroe Doctrine

United States policy warning European nations not to interfere in the Americas.

peninsulares

Spaniards born in Spain who held the highest positions in colonial Latin America.

criollos

People of Spanish descent born in Latin America who resented peninsulare control.

mestizos

People of mixed European and Indigenous ancestry in Latin America.

caudillos

Military or political strongmen who ruled parts of Latin America after independence.

liberalism

Belief in individual rights, constitutional government, and limited monarchy.

nationalism

Loyalty to one’s nation and the desire for independence or unity.

July Revolution

French uprising in 1830 that overthrew Charles X.

Treaty of London

Treaty that recognized Belgium as an independent nation.

Russification

Policy forcing minority groups in the Russian Empire to adopt Russian language and culture.

realpolitik

Political practice based on practical goals and power rather than ideals.

Risorgimento

Movement for Italian unification in the 1800s.

Zollverein

German customs union that promoted trade and economic unity.

Austro-Prussian War

Conflict in 1866 that removed Austrian influence from German affairs.

Franco-Prussian War

War that led to German unification and the fall of Napoleon III.

Dual Monarchy

System that made Austria and Hungary equal partners under one ruler.

romanticism

Cultural movement emphasizing emotion, nature, history, and individual expression.