The Holocaust and Genocides in Modern History

These flashcards cover key events, definitions, and significant outcomes related to the Holocaust and other genocides discussed in history.

What was the Holocaust?

The Holocaust was the deliberate killing of millions of Jews and others by the Nazis before and during World War II.

What was the purpose of the Évian Conference in 1938?

The Évian Conference aimed to discuss Jewish immigration from Nazi Germany, but it ended in failure to allow immigration, leading to more severe solutions for the Jewish population.

What were the Nuremberg Laws?

The Nuremberg Laws were laws enacted in 1935 that institutionalized racial discrimination against Jews in Germany.

What does the term Genocide refer to?

Genocide is the deliberate killing of a large number of people, especially from a particular ethnic or national group.

What was the Final Solution?

The Final Solution was the Nazi plan for the systematic extermination of the Jews, discussed and organized at the Wannsee Conference in 1942.

What were the main tactics used by the Nazis during the Holocaust?

The Nazis rounded up Jews and confined them to ghettos, used mass shootings, and dispatched them to extermination camps where they were systematically killed.

What was the significance of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising?

The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising was a significant act of resistance by Jewish fighters against Nazi deportations in 1943, symbolizing resilience in the face of oppression.

How many Jews were killed during the Holocaust?

Approximately 6 million Jews were killed during the Holocaust.

What was the outcome of the Nuremberg Trials?

The Nuremberg Trials held after the war sentenced 12 Nazi leaders to death, with others receiving various sentences for their roles in the Holocaust.

What was the Rwandan massacre?

In just 100 days in 1994, about 800,000 Tutsi and moderate Hutu were slaughtered in Rwanda by Hutu extremists.

Describe the Bosnian genocide.

In the Bosnian genocide from 1992 to 1995, over 100,000 people, primarily Bosniaks, were killed by Bosnian Serb forces.

What were concentration camps?

Concentration camps were facilities used by the Nazis to imprison identified groups, where many died from forced labor, starvation, or disease.

What was the role of propaganda in the rise of the Nazi regime?

Nazi propaganda was used to spread anti-Semitic ideas and to justify the brutal treatment and extermination of Jews and other groups.

What form of gas was used in extermination camps for mass killings?

Zyklon-B, a poisonous gas, was used in extermination camps like Auschwitz to kill mass numbers of Jews.

What happened to Jewish refugees after World War II?

Many Jewish survivors became displaced persons living in camps, unable to return home, leading to the eventual establishment of Israel in 1948.