Grade 11 Life Orientation Terminology Booklet

Flashcards for Grade 11 Life Orientation Terminology Booklet

Goal Setting

The development of an action plan designed to motivate or guide a person towards a goal.

Personal values

Principles or morals that guide one’s action and defines who you are.

Relationship

Any connection between two people, which can be positive or negative.

Qualities in relationship

Appropriate behavior which one displays in a relationship; examples include honesty, trust, and respect.

Skills in relationship

Communicating clearly, listening actively, cooperating, resisting inappropriate social pressure, and negotiating conflict constructively.

Admission Requirements

The specific minimum criteria an institution of higher learning uses to accept potential students

National Senior Certificate

A high school leaving certificate offered to grade 12 learners after successful completion of their studies.

Admission Point Score (APS)

A score calculated on the basis of achievement, used by universities to determine if a potential student qualifies for a programme/course they offer.

Career portfolio

A collection of materials highlighting various aspects of one’s professional background, accomplishments, and skills.

National Benchmark Tests (NBTs)

Assessments for first year applicants into higher education institutions, designed to measure the applicant’s ability to transfer understanding of Academic literacy, Quantitative literacy and Mathematics.

Bursary

An amount of money given to a needy student to help pay for tertiary studies, which may require working for the company that awarded it.

Study loan

Money that is borrowed from a financial institution for study purposes, only to be paid back with interests upon completion of the study period.

Learnership

Allows you to earn while you learn by studying theory at college and practicing in a real job.

Scholarship

A once-off monetary grant awarded to a student who performs well in sport/studies, or after successful application.

Sector Education and Training Authorities (SETAs)

A body established under the Skills Development Act to contribute to the improvement of skills in South Africa.

Obligation

An action to which a person is morally or legally bound; a responsibility that one must perform.

Principles of democracy

Fundamental truths or propositions that serve as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior

Petition

A message submitted to government requesting a response from authority.

Public participation

Process in which the general public takes part in informing the manner in which certain legislations or services are to be delivered by authority.

Democratic structures

Government structures that represent the three main spheres of government in South Africa: National, Provincial and Local.

Rule of law

The principle of governance in which all persons, institutions and entities are accountable to the laws of the country.

Transparency

Being open and fair in your dealings, nothing is hidden.

Accountability

Those in power or authority take responsibility for their actions, performance, and decisions.

NGO

Non-profit organizations operating independently of government, aiming to bring about change in communities.

CBO

Non-profit organizations that operate within a single community or local community, often run on a voluntary base.

FBO

Organizations based on religious beliefs that deliver a variety of services in the communities.

Constitution

The body of fundamental principles, which states how the country is governed.

Elections

The act or process where people vote in order to choose someone.

Mandates

The authority granted by voters to the elected leader to act as their representative.

Lobbying

Persuading individuals in decision making to support a position you believe is right.

Advocacy

Supporting a course or issue to achieve a desired result.

Unequal Power Relations

An imbalance of power between partners, where one partner maintains power and control over the other.

Domestic violence

Any form of abuse which includes physical, sexual, emotional, psychological, or economic harassment, stalking, and damage to property.

Rape

Sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration carried out against a person without their consent.

Physical abuse

Any intentional act causing injury, trauma, bodily harm or other physical suffering to another person or animal by way of bodily contact.

Emotional abuse

Controlling another person by using emotions to criticize, embarrass, shame, blame, or otherwise manipulate them.

Femicide

The killing of a woman or girl, by a man and on account of her gender.

Sexual harassment

Unwelcome and inappropriate sexual remarks or physical advances in a workplace or other setting.

Power balance

A situation where both males and females have equal opportunities and access to matters in all institutions of society.

Power struggle

Inequalities between men and women, where gender relations are power relations.

Abuse of power

The misuse of a position of power to take unjust advantage of individuals, organizations, or governments.

Social norms

The perceived informal, mostly unwritten, rules that define acceptable and appropriate actions within a given group or community.

Patriarchy

A system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family.

Sexist views

Beliefs around the fundamental nature of women and men and the roles they should play in society.

Stereotypes

An idea that is used to describe a particular type of person or thing.

Prejudice

An unfair feeling of dislike for a person or group because of race, sex, religion, etc.

Bigotry

Obstinate or unreasonable attachment to a belief, opinion, or faction, in particular prejudice against a person or people based on their membership of a particular group.

Race

The idea that the human species is divided into distinct groups based on inherited physical and behavioral differences.

Sexual orientation (LGBQI+)

About whom you're attracted to and want to have relationships with. Sexual orientations include gay, lesbian, straight, bisexual, and asexual.

Gender based violence

Violence directed against a person because of that person's gender.

Physical trauma

A body wound produced by sudden physical injury from impact, violence, or accident.

Psychological trauma or Emotional trauma

Damage or injury to the psyche after living through an extremely frightening or distressing event.

Environmental issues

Major current environmental issues may include climate change, pollution, environmental degradation, and resource depletion.

Ill health

A state in which you are unable to function normally and without pain.

Soil erosion

The natural process in which the topsoil of a field is carried away by physical sources such as wind and water.

Pollution

The presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects

Radiation

The energy that moves from one place to another in a form that can be described as waves or particles.

Floods

An overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially over what is normally dry land.

Fire

A process in which substances combine chemically with oxygen from the air and typically give out bright light, heat, and smoke; combustion or burning.

Depletion of resources

Occurs when the renewable and non-renewable natural resources become scarce because they are consumed faster than they can recover.

Fishing stocks

The living resources in the community or population from which catches are taken in a fishery.

Firewood

Wood that is burned as fuel.

Climate change

Long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.

Mitigation

The process or result of making something less severe, dangerous, painful, harsh, or damaging.

Adaptation

Adapting to life in a changing climate – involves adjusting to actual or expected future climate.

Eco-systems

A geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life.

Weather patterns

Occurs when the weather stays the same for days or weeks at a time.

Global warming

The unusually rapid increase in Earth's average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gases released by people burning fossil fuels.

Recycling

Recovery and reprocessing of waste materials for use in new products.

Natural resources

Materials from the Earth that are used to support life and meet people's needs.

Sustainable transportation

Low- and zero-emission, energy-efficient, affordable modes of transport.

Wellbeing

This is a state of being healthy, comfortable, happy and leading a self-fulfilling life.

Life skills

These are range of skills that enable a person to lead a meaningful life in society.

Life goals

Those particular things we want to achieve in life for which we will be remembered.

Ill health

Poor physical or mental condition

Peer pressure

When your friends/peers/colleagues etc. influence you to do something that you do not want to do/against your wishes.

Emotional literacy

The capacity to recognize your own feelings and those of others enabling you to effectively manage the negative effects of such feelings and or to maintain your internal stability in relation to others.

Individuality

The ability to assume your own independent position/stance/decisions in the midst of a group of people when certain things are done.

Coping with emotions

Coping with emotions refers to the ability to manage or deal effectively with an emotionally charged situation or a problem.

Power

Is the influence/control that one person may exert on others for them to do certain things they normally do not want to do.

Risky behavior

Behavior undertaken without regard/consideration of possible loss or injury, or the negative consequences that may follow.

Job advertisement

An announcement/notification of an open job position

Application letter

A letter to provide information about your skills and experience to a potential employer

Job

Being employed and getting paid for work done.

Career

An occupation (trained and qualified for) that you have for a larger part of your life.

Informal jobs

Jobs that are not registered with the Department of Labour/South African Revenue Service (SARS) or the jobs that fall outside the formal economy or jobs that fall in the informal sector of the economy.

Part-time jobs

A form of employment that carries fewer hours in a week than a full-time job

Project

Any undertaking carried out individually or by a group of people, involving research or design that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim

Curriculum vitae (CV)

A short-written description of your education, qualifications, previous jobs and sometimes your personal interests, that you send to a potential employer when looking for a job

Competencies week

The inert ability to do certain things successfully/ exceptionally well.

Administration Skills

Qualities that help you complete tasks related to managing a business or an office.

Interview skills

The ability to interact with the interviewer and to articulate your thoughts in a manner that makes you stand out.

Work ethics

A set of principles and norms which guides an employee's behavior.

Ethics

A set of value laden principles that guides a person’s behavior.

Socio-economic conditions

The financial circumstances / background a group of individuals in a society are faced with.

Skilled labour

Workers who have special skills that they can use in their work environment.

Semi-skilled labour

Workers who have some skills that can enable to perform certain tasks in the work environment.

Unskilled labour

Workers who do not have the skills to enable them to perform special work duties

Expectancy

The state of hoping that something will happen.

Job suitability

Being able to keep a job for an extended period of time