Spanish Colonization of the Philippines Part II

1. Garcia Jofre Loaisa (1525)

2. Sebastian Cabot (1526)

3. Alvaro de Saavedra (1527)

4. Ruy Lopez de Villalobos (1524)

5. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi (1564)

Voyages after Magellan

November 1, 1542

When did Ruy Lopez de Villalobos leave?

Mindanao in February 1543

Where did Ruy Lopez de Villalobos arrive?

Saranggani

Where did Villalobos establish colony?

Bernardo de la Torre

Who was sent to get food? (Villalobos Expedition)

Felipinas, after King Philip II

What did Villalobos name the islands Samar and Leyte?

He sailed to the Moluccas but was captured by the Portuguese

What happened to Villalobos on his final journey?

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

Who led the Legazpi Expedition?

Andres de Urdaneta

Legazpi’s Chronologer

November 21, 1564

When did Legazpi’s Expedition sail?

Mexican port of Navidad

From where did Legazpi Expedition start

4 ships and about 380 men

How many ships and crew? (Legazpi Expedition)

Cebu in February 1565

Where did they first arrive?

1565

Famous Blood Compact of Legazpi with Sikatuna

To spread Roman Catholicism in the Philippines.

Primary Aim of Spain and intention in the Philippines

Masbate, Burias, and Ticao

Islands claimed in the name of the king of spain in the first spanish voyage to manila

Captain Enriquez de Guzman

He was sent to Albay (first spanish voyage to manila)

Juan de Salcedo

Led with a few Spanish soldiers and 500 Visayans. Explored Olim Island and Lubang Island.

Juan de Salcedo

After reaching the outer rim of Manila Bay, he returned to Panay and reported that Manila was a prosperous Muslim Kingdom.

May 8, 1570

Martin de Goiti arrived, and Manila was ruled by Raja Sulayman.

Raja Sulayman

Manila was ruled by

Father Diego de Herrera

an Augustinian friar, suggested settling in Manila.

June 24, 1571

Legazpi made Manila the capital of the Philippines

Two alcaldes,

An alguacil mayor,

Twelve regidores,

One escibano.

Legazpi appointed

Explored central Luzon, as far as Pangasinan

Expeditions of Goiti

Explored the south of Manila. Conquered Taytay, Cainta, and other towns in what is now Rizal Province.

Expedition of Salcedo

1572

Salcedo went to northern Luzon and defeated Filipinos in Zambales, Pangasinan, and the Ilocos region.

town of Villa Fernanda

In Vigan, he founded the __________ , honoring Prince Fernando, the firstborn son of King Philip II.

Juan de Salcedo

From the Ilocos, he proceeded to the northeastern coast of Luzon (now Quezon province).

Sailed to Polillo Island and returned to Luzon’s shore.

Traveled back to Manila over trails, hills, and mountains.

August 20, 1572

Legazpi had died on

Governor-General

National Government headed by

Governor-General

Head of the Supreme court
He possessed vast executive, legislative and judicial
Commander-in-chief of the army and navy
Economic planner of the country
Member of audiencia

Polo y Sevicio

1. That Filipinos to be drafted for work must be paid for their work

2. That Filipino labourers should not be made to work in distant

places where they could not return to their families

3. That the drafting of labourers should not coincide with the

planting and harvest seasons

4. That physically incapable men should not be overworked

5. That forced labor should be resorted to only in a clear case of

absolute necessity

6. That the number of laborers drafted should be diminished as soon

as laborers from other countries (probably referring to Chinese)

had volunteered to work

The Encomienda System

Distribution of lands to loyal Spanish subjects who helped conquer the Philippines.

The Encomienda System

The _________ was not land, but a favor from the King.

encomiendero

was granted the right to collect tributes or taxes from the inhabitants of a specific area assigned to him.

Royal Encomienda

Ecclesiastical Encomienda

Private Encomienda

Three kinds of Encomiendas

Royal Encomienda

Encomienda for Government

Ecclesiastical Encomienda

Encomienda for Church

Private Encomienda

Encomienda for Peninsulares/Insulares

tribute

Filipinos were required to pay _______ to the Spanish colonial government as a form of loyalty to the King of Spain.

tribute

Introduced in 1570, the tribute was small initially.

tribute

applied to those above sixteen and below sixty years old.

1589

when the tribute increased, with a small part going to the Church

sanctorum

the small part of tribute that goes to church

Diezmos Prediales
Donativo de Zamboanga
Vinta

Types of Taxes in Spanish Rule

Diezmos Prediales

A tax that consisted of one-tenth of the produce of the land.

Donativo de Zamboanga

Introduced in 1635, a tax used specifically for the conquest of Jolo.

Vinta

A tax paid by people in coastal provinces of western Luzon for the defense of the coasts from Muslim raids.

Residencia and Visitador

were special courts that investigated the conduct of the Governor-General and other high-ranking Spanish officials.

Alcaldia
Corregimiento

Provinces were divided into 2

Alcaldia

Recognized Spain's possession over the land.

Corregimiento

Areas where the people had not yet accepted Spanish rule.

Ayuntamiento

The city government, center of society, religion, culture, and business.

Gobernadorcillo

The Pueblo was governed by the __________.

Gobernadorcillo

the highest position for Filipino politicians

Cabeza de Barangay

The ____________ governed the barrios.

Governor-General

The __________ had power over the church.

Friars

______ played a major role in the government.

Archbishop

Although the _______ was the most powerful in the church, the church often held more influence than the government

Frailocracia

meaning a government controlled by the friars.