ADV Georgia & the American Revolution

Battle of Kettle Creek

Revolutionary War battle in Georgia where Patriot forces defeated Loyalists; boosted morale and allowed Patriots to obtain horses and weapons

Boston Tea Party

a protest against the Tea Act in which a group of colonists boarded British tea ships and dumped more than 340 chests of tea into Boston Harbor; resulted in the Intolerable Acts

Declaration of Independence

Document that includes a statement of beliefs and a list of 27 grievances against the king; issued on July 4, 1776

Intolerable Acts

A set of punishments for the Boston Tea Party, included: quartering of British troops, the closing of Boston's port until the tea was paid for, and required approval from the royal governor for Massachusetts political meetings

Loyalists

Colonists who wanted to remain part of Great Britain

Patriots

Colonists who wanted to become independent from Great Britain

Proclamation of 1763

Issued by King George III after the French and Indian War; forbade the colonists from settling on newly acquired land west of the Appalachian Mountains; angered the colonists

Siege of Savannah

A failed attempt by the French and Patriot Americans to recapture Savannah from the British

Stamp Act

A tax established by the British government to help repay the cost of the French and Indian War; first direct tax; tax on all paper items

Articles of Confederation

The United States' first attempt at a national government; created a very weak central government

Lyman Hall, George Walton, Button Gwinnett

These men signed the Declaration of Independence on behalf of Georgia.

Elijah Clarke

Patriot leader for the Georgia militia during the Revolution; led troops at Battle of Kettle Creek

Nancy Hart

Female Georgia patriot who captured and killed a group of Loyalists during the Revolution; only woman to have a Georgia county named in her honor

Austin Dabney

African American soldier wounded in the Battle of Kettle Creek; later granted freedom and land for his bravery in battle

Birthright privilege

a right earned at birth; one of the the colonists' birthright privileges was violated when they were taxed without having representation in Britain's Parliament

Second Continental Congress

response to the Battles of Lexington and Concord; all 13 colonies participated; General George Washington put in charge of the Continental Army

French and Indian War

a war in North America between France and Britain over control of the Ohio River Valley; resulted in massive war debt for England

Why were Georgians overall more loyal to England?

1. Many born in England (or parents were) = still felt "British"
2. As the youngest colony, Georgia still relied heavily on England for economic and military support

Constitutional Convention of 1787

Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation, but ultimately decided to create a new document as a replacement.

Checks and balances

Helps the Constitution guard against tyranny; examples:
(a) the executive branch vetoing legislation passed by the legislative branch
(b) the judicial branch declared legislation passed by the legislative branch to be unconstitutional

Three Branches of Government

Helps the Constitution guard against tyranny
*executive
*legislative
*judicial

Separation of Powers

Helps the Constitution guard against tyranny
*executive = enforce laws
*legislative = create laws
*judicial = interpret laws

Federalism

Helps the Constitution guard against tyranny; power is divided and shared among:
*national government
*state governments
*local governments

First Continental Congress

The result of the Intolerable Acts; Georgia was the only colony not to participate

Olive Branch Petition

The colonist’s last attempt to make peace with England prior to issuing the Declaration of Independence

Direct Tax

Colonists paid the tax separately from the product; obvious tax; the Stamp Act was this type of tax

Indirect Tax

Colonists paid the tax with the product; hidden tax

Fear and Greed

The two causes of the French and Indian War

What valuable resource did the Ohio River Valley have?

Animal Pelts