IB Biology ECOLOGY
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23 Terms
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species
a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
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What do members of a species have in common?
-Similar characteristics
- ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring
-different gene pools than other organisms
- a common phylogeny
- ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring
-different gene pools than other organisms
- a common phylogeny
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Hybrids
The offspring of two similar but different species
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Autotrophs/ PRODUCERS
synthesize organic molecules from inorganic molecules, usually through the process of photosynthesis - PRODUCERS
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Heterotrophs/ CONSUMERS
Must obtain their organic molecules from other organisms
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Detrivores
eat non-living irganic matter
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Saprotrophs / DECOMPOSERS
digest their food externally by secreting digestive enzymes ono living or non-living organic matter and absorb the nutriens
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community
a group of populations living and interacting with each other in the same area
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population
a group of the species living in the same area
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ecosystem
a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment
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abiotic factors (of an ecosystem)
non-living components of the environment
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biotic factors(of an ecosystem)
living components of the environment
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Describe the nutrien cycle
1. producers take inorganic compounds and transform them into organic compounds
2. consumers eat the producers
3. complex molecues found in the producers are digested into smaller monomers
4. consumer dies, its cells are broken down by the digestive enzymes of decomposers and the nutriens are returned to the soil
2. consumers eat the producers
3. complex molecues found in the producers are digested into smaller monomers
4. consumer dies, its cells are broken down by the digestive enzymes of decomposers and the nutriens are returned to the soil
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photosynthesis energy conversion formula
H20+CO2--->C6H12O6+O2
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cellular respiration energy conversion furmula
C6H12O6--->CO2+H2O+ATP+HEAT
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energy flow
the process of passing energy from one organism to another through feeding
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food chain
a sequence showing the feeding relationships and energy flow between species
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peat
a type of water logged soil that contains large amounts of partially decomposed matter
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Desribe peat formation
1. dead organisms are covered in water
2.the weight of the water causes the air outt creating an anaerobic environment
3. microorganisms which would decompose the dead matter die off
4. energy-rich compounds are compressed and preserved
2.the weight of the water causes the air outt creating an anaerobic environment
3. microorganisms which would decompose the dead matter die off
4. energy-rich compounds are compressed and preserved
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Ecology
a science about interactions between organism and their envirnoment
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3 requirements for sustainability in ecosystems
1. nutrien availability
2. detoxification of waste products
3.energy availability
2. detoxification of waste products
3.energy availability
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carbon cycle
a biochemical cycle whereby carbon is exchanged between differents spheres of the Earth
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greenhouse gases
absorb and emit long-wave radiation, trapping and holding heat within the atmosphere