non progressive brain disorders

Ischaemic stroke

Result of embolism or thrombosis

Embolism

An embolism is the lodging of an embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, that travels and can get lodged in a blood vessel.

Thrombosis

Thrombosis is when a blood clot, or thrombus, forms in a blood vessel, often through a build up of fatty deposits

Haemorrhagic stroke

Stroke caused by ruptured blood vessel

Anterior cerebral artery

Supplies the frontal lobe and superior section of the parietal lobe

Middle cerebral artery

Supplies the temporal, parietal and part of the frontal lobe

Posterior cerebral artery

Supplys the occipital lobe and the inferior portion of the temporal lobe

Total anterior circulation syndrome (TACI)

A total anterior circulation stroke (TACS) is a large cortical stroke affecting the areas of the brain supplied by both the middle and anterior cerebral arteries.

Unilateral weakness (and/or sensory deficit) of the face, arm and leg

Homonymous hemianopia

Higher cerebral dysfunction (dysphasia, visuospatial disorder)

Partial anterior circulation stroke (PACI)

A partial anterior circulation stroke (PACS) is a less severe form of TACS, in which only part of the anterior circulation has been compromised.

Two of the following need to be present for a diagnosis of a PACS:

Unilateral weakness (and/or sensory deficit) of the face, arm and leg

Homonymous hemianopia

Higher cerebral dysfunction (dysphasia, visuospatial disorder)*

lacunar stroke (LACS)

lacunar stroke (LACS) is a subcortical stroke that occurs secondary to small vessel disease. There is no loss of higher cerebral functions (e.g. dysphasia).

One of the following needs to be present for a diagnosis of a LACS:

• Pure sensory stroke

• Pure motor stroke

• Sensori-motor stroke

• Ataxic hemiparesis

Homonymous Hemianopia

Visual field loss on the left or right side of the ventrical midline in both eyes

Benign brain tumer

Grade 1-2

Malignant brain tumor

Have different names depending on their placement in the brain

Grade 3-4